农村集体经济组织法人属性的再思考——以 《乡村振兴促进法》为中心

Reflections on the Attributes of the Legal Person of the Rural Collective Economic Organization in the Perspective of Rural Revitalization Promotion Law

《乡村振兴促进法》明晰了农村集体经济组织的作用:代表行使集体所有权、服务集体成员和发展集体所有制经济。这为探讨农村集体经济组织的特殊之处,进而明晰其特别法人地位,提供了有利的立法支撑。农村集体经济组织应当有清晰的成员边界,并在与村民委员会合理分工的基础上为社区居民提供公共服务。农村集体经济组织的业务范围应当受到限制,并通过自身发展和对外投资发展集体所有制经济。农村集体经济组织的特殊性源于其作为集体所有权代行主体的地位。虽然农村集体经济组织有明确的营利属性,但是有别于营利法人的特殊之处,恰恰是其制度建设的重点。

The Rural Revitalization Promotion Law clarifies the roles of the rural collective economic organization:to exercise collective ownership,to serve collective members and to develop the economy of collective ownership.The Rural Revitalization Promotion Law provides a favorable legislative support for exploring the special features of the rural collective economic organization and clarifying its role as a special legal person.The rural collective economic organization should have a clear membership,and provide public services for community residents on the basis of reasonable work division by the villagers committee.The business scope of the rural collective economic organization should be limited,and the economy of collective ownership should be developed through its own development and foreign investment.The particularity of the rural collective economic organization stems from its status as the agent of collective ownership.Although the rural collective economic organization has a clear profit-making attribute,it is different from the profit-making legal person,which is the focus of its institutional construction.