低重力环境下基于超弹性铰链的某折展机构展开动力学研究

Deployment dynamics of a hyperelastic hinge mechanism in low gravity environment

针对地外行星、月球探测中杆状天线对轻量化折展机构的需求,提出了一种基于超弹性铰链的两折杆折展机构,天线展开长度可达1.3 m,折展机构重量小于200 g;建立了超弹性铰链的薄壳大变形模型和机构的有限元分析模型,同时引入重力场影响,对不同重力场下机构展开动力学行为、展开时序进行了分析,并对天线末端特征点最大位移进行了预测;利用该折展机构原理样机开展了地球重力条件下的展开试验,使用高速摄影对展开过程进行记录并反演获得特征点位移信息,验证了特征点实际最大位移与分析值的一致性。基于超弹性铰链的两折杆折展机构的设计思路与分析方法,可以为我国后续深空探测更长尺度天线折展机构的设计与分析提供新的思路。

In view of the lightweighting demand of rod antennas in the exploration of terrestrial planets and the moon,a two-rod deployable antenna mechanism with hyperelastic hinges is designed and analyzed in this article.The antenna is 1.3 m in length in the deployed state and the mass of the deployable mechanism is less than 200 g.The finite element model of the hyperelastic hinge is established as deformable shell elements.The deployment dynamics,deploying sequence and the maximum displacement of the antenna end during deployment are analyzed based on the FEM model.A deployment experiment in the earth gravity environment is made on the prototype mechanism and the displacement of the characteristic point at the antenna’s end is calculated from the high-speed camera recordings.The result of the ground test tallies with the FEM analysis.The design and analysis method of this two-rod deployable antenna mechanism with hyperelastic hinges can be a reference for deployable mechanisms of larger antennas in further deep space exploration.