图像声纳换能器指向性优化研究

Directivity optimization of image sonar transducer

图像声纳又称为水下相机,广泛应用于水下目标探测、成像、警戒等工程应用领域,是一种重要的海军军事型号装备。换能器的指向性参数对图像声纳的观察范围和分辨率等指标起着决定性作用,改善图像声纳换能器的指向性对提升声纳图像质量有重要作用。利用椭圆长轴布阵的方法设计了一种低指向性起伏弧形阵,并利用声障板,通过边界参数的优化设计拓展单基元的指向性角度。仿真计算和实测数据显示弧形阵水平主波束范围内指向性起伏小于3 dB,接收阵各基元水平指向性角度均大于120°。结果表明,图像声纳换能器的指向性特性改善明显。

Image sonar,also known as underwater camera,is widely used in fields of underwater target detection,imaging,warning and other engineering applications.It is an important naval military equipment.The directivity parameters of image sonar transducer play a decisive role in image sonar indexes,such as,observation range and resolution,etc.Improving the directivity of image sonar transducer plays an important role in promoting sonar image quality.Here,a low directivity undulating arc array was designed by using the elliptic long axis arraying method.Using the sound barrier plate,the directivity angle of single primitive was expanded with optimization design of boundary parameters.Simulation calculation and actually measured data showed that directivity fluctuation within the horizontal main beam range of the arc array is less than 3 dB,the horizontal directivity angle of each primitive of the receiving array is larger than 120°,so the directivity characteristics of the image sonar transducer are improved obviously.