刘纯《玉机微义》明代接受史

Acceptance History of Yu Ji Wei Yi by LIU Chun in the Ming Dynasty

宋元以来,医学文本逐渐成为医者习医的主要知识来源。明初医家刘纯续增的《玉机微义》以折衷为宗旨,对以朱丹溪为主的金元医学进行集结,一方面顺应了元明时期中医学术理论体系自身发展的内在需要,另一方面满足了儒医群体对新兴的金元医学知识的需求。《玉机微义》全书知识内容广博,多次重刊,为寻求施治之资,弥补地方医疗资源不足,无形中扩大了医学折衷思想的传播与接受。同时,医学折衷思想也影响了明代医籍的编著。《玉机微义》尤其在以《丹溪心法》《丹溪心法附余》为核心的丹溪学派文本体系的建构过程中起到了示范作用,也提供了另一个视角去考察寒凉与温补的学术争议。

Since the Song and Yuan dynasties,the medical text gradually become the main source for physicians to learn medical knowlege.Yu Ji Wei Yi(《玉机微义》,Subtle Meaning of the Jade Swivel)written by LIU Chun,a physician in the early Ming dynasty,provided an eclectic collection of the medical theories in the Jin and Yuan dynasties,especially ZHU Danxi’s theories.On the one hand,it conforms to the development of the academic theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine in the Yuan and Ming dynasties;on the other hand,it meets the needs of Confucian doctors for the emerging medical knowledge of the Jin and Yuan dynasties.With extensive medical knowledge,Subtle Meaning of the Jade Swivel was reprinted for many times to make up for the shortage of local medical resources,which promoted the dissemination and acceptance of medical eclecticism.At the same time,the medical eclecticism also influenced the compilation of medical books in the Ming dynasty.Subtle Meaning of the Jade Swivel set an example for the development of the text style of Danxi School,which is represented by Dan Xi Xin Fa(《丹溪心法》,Danxi’s Experiential Therapy)and Dan Xi Xin Fa Fu Yu(《丹溪心法附余》,Supplement for Danxi’s Experiential Therapy).It also provides us with another perspective to understand the academic controversy between coldness school and warm tonification school.