新型电力系统的“碳视角”:科学问题与研究框架

Key Scientific Problems and Research Framework for Carbon Perspective Research of New Power Systems

电力在我国能源消费与碳排放中占据重要地位。电力系统低碳转型,构建以新能源为主体的新型电力系统将对我国碳达峰、碳中和战略目标的实现起到关键作用。该文首先分析了从"电视角"到"碳视角"下电力学科研究体系的转变趋势,并对当前"碳视角"下的电力系统研究概况进行了综述。基于"碳视角"下的电力系统研究路径,从电力系统全环节碳排放计量和"战略-技术-市场"协同低碳化解决方案2个方面,分析了电力低碳转型过程中的关键科学问题。在此基础上,从碳计量与碳追踪、碳规划与碳轨迹、碳减排与碳优化、碳市场与碳交易4个方面提出了新型电力系统"碳视角"的研究框架,并对关键研究内容进行了分析和阐述。

The power system takes an essential position in the energy consumption and carbon emissions in China. Low carbon transition and the construction of renewable power-dominated new power systems play vital roles in achieving the emission peak and carbon neutrality targets. Firstly, this paper analyzes the transition trend of electric power research systems from the perspective of electricity to the perspective of carbon. Then, a review of the current research on the power system under the perspective of carbon is presented. Based on the power system research framework, this paper analyzes the key scientific problems in the power system low carbon transition process from two aspects of the power system whole link carbon emission metering and “strategy-technique-market” coordinated carbon-reduction solution. On the basis of this, this paper proposes a research framework for the construction of the new power system from four aspects of carbon metering and carbon tracing, carbon planning and carbon trajectory, carbon reduction and carbon optimization, carbon market and carbon trading. Then, the key research contents are analyzed and elaborated.