中小商业银行风险“二元化”管控研究——基于应用金融科技、监管科技实现法规制度数字化的视角

Research on“dualistic”Risk Control of Small and Medium-sized Commercial Banks--From the Perspective of Digitalization of Laws and Regulations by UsingFinTech and RegTech

中小商业银行作为我国商业银行体系的重要组成部分,不仅数量众多、影响较大,对实体经济特别是对小微企业和三农经济的发展支持发挥了主力军作用。然而,近年来中小商业银行风险事件频发,有些甚至退出市场或被接管、重组,其直接原因是经营过程中产生了巨大的流动性风险。尽管围绕中小商业银行的风险管理,有关部门采取了诸多措施,但风险向中小商业银行集聚的趋势仍在加大。细分中小商业银行存在的风险,其中属于市场性的风险并不是主要方面,由于经营者的违规违法违德造成风险居多。这部分风险主要是源于现行的基于相信人性向善(即主观不会违规)的监管思维及治理思路上的漏洞。因此,积极构建充分反映现行法规制度意图,以金融科技和监管科技为核心的技术风险管理控制体系,全面覆盖中小商业银行“二元化”风险,是遏制当前中小商业银行风险的根本之策。

As an important part of China’s commercial banking system,small and medium-sized commercial banks not only have a large number and great influence,but also play a major role in supporting the development of the real economy,especially for small and micro enterprises and rural economy.However,in recent years,there have been frequent risk events in small and medium-sized commercial banks.Some of them have even withdrawn from the market or been taken over or restructured,which is directly caused by the huge liquidity risk in the operation process.Although the risk management of small and medium-sized commercial banks,relevant departments have taken a lot of measures,but the trend of risk gathering to small and medium-sized commercial banks is still increasing.The risks of subdividing small and medium-sized commercial banks are not the main ones.The risks are mainly caused by the operators’violation of laws and regulations.This part of the risk is mainly due to the loopholes in the current regulatory thinking and governance thinking based on the belief that human nature is good(that is,subjective will not violate the rules).Therefore,actively building a technical risk management and control system that fully reflects the intention of the current laws and regulations and takes fintech and regulatory technology as the core,and comprehensively covering the“dualization”risks of small and medium-sized commercial banks is the fundamental strategy to curb the risks of small and medium-sized commercial banks.