流动化学用于可逆失活自由基聚合的研究进展

Recent Developments of Reversible Deactivation RadicalPolymerization in Flow Chemistry

可逆失活自由基聚合(RDRP)是高分子合成领域中应用最广的合成方法之一。RDRP能够实现对分子量、分子量分布、聚合物结构等的精确调控,大大促进了功能高分子的合成与发展。与传统反应瓶和反应釜相比,流动化学反应器具有比表面积大、传质/传热高效等优点,不仅能够有效加快聚合反应速率、减少副反应,还能为光控可逆失活自由基聚合(photo-RDRP)提供均匀、充足的光照。此外,随着计算机科学的高速发展,电脑辅助的流动聚合已成为高分子合成领域的前沿技术之一。本文首先对流动化学在热引发和光引发RDRP中的应用进行了概述,然后从定制化合成、高通量合成和自优化合成三个方面对流动RDRP方法的最新研究进展进行了介绍,最后对流动聚合中尚存的问题进行了简单的总结与展望。

Reversible deactivation radical polymerization(RDRP)is one of the most widely used methods in the field of polymer synthesis.It can achieve precise control of molecular weight,molecular weight distribution and polymer structure,greatly promoting the synthesis and development of functional polymer materials.Compared with traditional flask and tank reactors,the flow reactor has the advantages of large specific surface area,high mass and heat transfer efficiency,etc.,which can not only effectively accelerate the reaction rate of RDRP and reduce the occurrence of side reactions,but also provides uniform and sufficient light for photo-controlled reversible deactivation radical polymerization(photo-RDRP).In addition,with the rapid development of computer science,computer-aided flow polymerization has become one of the cutting-edge technologies for polymer synthesis.This review gives an overview of the development of thermal and photo-initiated RDRP in flow chemistry at first,and then introduces the latest research progress in flow polymerization from three aspects:precise synthesis,high-throughput synthesis and self-optimized synthesis.Finally,a brief summary and prospect of the flow polymerization are given.