大华语视域中“向+NP+VP”结构的共时差异与历时变化

On the Synchronic Differences and Diachronic Changes of“Xiang(向)+NP+VP”Construction From the Perspective of Global Huayu

当前,“向妈妈说”“向他们交涉”等“向+NP+VP”结构在普通话中较为罕用,但仍然广泛使用于新加坡华语、马来西亚华语以及我国台湾地区的现代汉语中。本文在“大华语”的视域下,具体分析了这些结构,证明了这些结构源自早期现代汉语,而非介词“向”在华语变体中产生的新功能,然后从汉语史的角度,阐明了部分“向+NP+VP”结构的衰退或消亡,主要是由语法化过程中介词“向”的语义特征变化造成的。

At present,some expressions of“xiàng(向)+NP+VP”structure that are rarely used in modern mandarin are still widely used in Singapore Huayu,Malaysian Huayu,and modern Chinese of China’s Taiwan.This paper analyzes this structure in detail from the perspective of global Huayu,and proves that these special expressions of this structure originate from early modern Chinese rather than the new variations of preposition“xiàng(向)”in overseas Huayu.From the perspective of Chinese history,this paper proposes that the decline or extinction of these expressions of“xiàng(向)+NP+VP”is mainly caused by the semantic change of preposition“Xiang”in the process of grammaticalization.