基于缸套测温技术的柴油机早期拉缸故障诊断

Early fault diagnosis of diesel engine based on cylinder liner temperature measurement technology

在柴油机活塞环-缸套摩擦副的长期高频往复运动中,拉缸故障的发生将引起柴油机摩擦损耗的急剧增加,破坏柴油机的整体结构性能。为研究柴油机拉缸故障的早期诊断技术,研究从摩擦传热反映机理入手,将缸套测温技术引入拉缸故障诊断领域,开发拉缸故障诊断系统。在某型船用单缸柴油机试验平台结合可靠性试验开展长周期的拉缸故障在线诊断监测的试验研究工作,研究结果表明:船用柴油机拉缸故障发生时,主要热功参数爆压变化不大、排温缓慢升高,缸套温度信号出现明显异常突升现象。拉缸故障严重时,会同时引起油雾浓度的急剧升高;缸套温度信号用于拉缸故障监测时响应迅速,可在异常摩擦初期及时反应,响应速率高于油雾浓度监测手段,证明缸套测温技术对拉缸故障诊断的高效性,具有较好的推广前景、应用价值。

In the long-term high frequency reciprocating motion of piston ring cylinder liner friction pair of diesel engine,the occurrence of scuffing fault will cause a sharp increase in the friction loss and damage the overall structural performance of disel engine.In order to study the early diagnosis technology of high-power diesel engine suffing fault,in this study,the temperature measurement technology of cylinder liner is introduced into the field of cylinder broaching fault diagnosis based on the mechanism of friction heat transfer.A long period on-line diagnosis and monitoring of cylinder failure is carried out on a single cylinder diesel engine test platform combined with reliability test.The results show that the main thermal parameters have little change in burst pressure,exhaust temperature increases slowly,and the temperature signal of cylinder liner suddenly rises obviously when cylinder failure occurs.When the cylinder failure is serious,the oil mist concentration will rise sharply at the same time.The response rate of cylinder liner temperature signal is higher than oil mist concentration monitoring method,which proves the high efficiency of cylinder liner temperature measurement technology for cylinder broaching fault diagnosis,and has a good promotion prospect and application value.