孟河名医贺季衡从肾虚肝旺论治疾病浅析

A Shallow Analysis of a Famous Doctor HE Ji-heng of Menghe Medical School in the Treatment of Diseases from the Perspective of Kidney Deficiency and Liver Hyperactivity Syndrome

肝、肾的生理关系在五行上,表现为母子相生;在物质基础上,概括为精血同源;在基本功能上,表现为藏泄互用;在经络分布上,相互联系。其病理关系有母病及子和子病及母,肾虚与肝旺常合而为病,以肾虚为本,肝旺为标。贺季衡常肝肾同治,论治头痛重视肝阳上亢,认为“当从下虚上实例立法”,提出“滋水为抑木之本,育阴为潜阳之源”;治疗不寐重视肝火扰神,认为应“益其虚而制其实”,通过滋水、柔肝、抑木、降火等治法“奠安神志”;治疗咳嗽强调肝火犯肺,主张“滋水清金,以抑肝木”“当滋其下,而润其上”,肝肾肺同治;治疗痛证强调肝火入络,以滋水涵木,滋肾平肝为主要治则。贺季衡临证明辨脏腑,紧扣病机,在滋肾平肝的基础上,配合其他治法,取得较好疗效。

The physiology of liver and kidney in the five elements shows that mother-organ and child-organ generatie each other.On the material basis,it can be summarized as essence and blood from same source.In terms of basic functions,it is manifested in the mutual use of storage and drainage.In the distribution of meridians,they are interrelated.Its pathological relationships include dis-order of mother-organ affecting child-organ,disorder of child-organ affecting mother-organ.Kidney deficiency and liver hyperac-tivity are often combined,with kidney deficiency as the source and liver hyperactivity as the manifestations.In the treatment of headache,He Ji-heng emphasized the ascending of liver yang and believed that"we should establish the principle based on the lower limb deficiency to the upper limb excess",and proposed that"nourishing water is the foundation of restraining wood,and nourishing yin is the source of latent yang".In the treatment of insomnia,he attached importance to liver fire disturbing the spirit,and believed that it is necessary to"benefit its deficiency and control its essence",and"lay a foundation for tranquility"through nourishing water,softening the liver,suppressing wood,reducing fire and other methods.In the treatment of cough,he emphasized that the liver fire invades the lung,advocated"nourishing water and clearing mental to suppress liver wood","nourishing the lower limbs and moistening the upper limbs",and emphasized the simultaneous treatment of liver,kidney and lung.In the treatment of pain syndrome,he emphasized that the liver fire enters the collaterals,so he adopted nourishing water and wood,nourishing the kidney and calming the liver as the main treatment principle.In clinical practice,He Ji-heng identified the viscera,closely followed the pathogenesis,and achieved good curative effect on the basis of nourishing the kidney and calming the liver in combination with other treatments.