未来创新型科技人才培养体系链条重构的挑战和路径

Challenges and Paths of Reconstructing Future Creative Science and Technology Talents Cultivation System

创新能力是未来科技人才的关键核心能力,创新能力的培养需要更加专业化的教学设计和更加多元化的参与主体,传统高等教育人才培养体系无法独自承载未来创新型科技人才培养。面对新的教育变革需要,基于人力资源开发理论、学习与认知科学理论以及世界各国与高等院校的前沿实践探索,本研究提出创新型科技人才培养的基本框架,认为我国创新型科技人才培养需要体系性重构,具体有三点建议:一是高校内部要进行人才培养体系的重构,构建以“初步解决问题能力”为目标的培养模式及能够匹配产教融合的组织模式;二是教育系统要建立多层次的赋能高校教学方法论研究实践的支持体系,探索“以学生学习为中心”的教学体系;三是要打破普通高等教育体系的相对封闭性,构建新型的人才培养供应链,建设新型产教研融合生态。

Creativity is the key core element of future scientific and technological talents,and the cultivation needs more specialized teaching design and more diversified participants.The traditional higher education talent training system cannot meet the requirements of future innovative scientific and technological talents training.Facing the needs of new educational reform,this paper puts forward a basic framework for cultivating creative scientific and technological talents based on human resource development theory,learning and cognitive science theory,and frontier practice exploration of various countries and universities in the world,and puts forward three suggestions for reconstructing the training system of innovative scientific and technological talents in China.Firstly,the internal system of colleges and universities should be reconstructed,which includes training mode with the goal of“initial problem-solving ability”and the matching organization mode of industry-education integration.Second,the education system should establish a multi-level support system to enable the research and practice of teaching methodology in colleges and universities,and explore a new training mode of scientific and technological talents“student learning centered”.Third,it is necessary to break the relative closure of the general higher education system,build a new supply chain of talent training,and build a new integration ecology of industry,teaching and research.