太子参皂苷超声提取工艺的优化

Optimization of ultrasonic extraction condition for saponins in Pseudostellaria heterophylla

为探究超声波提取太子参皂苷的最优工艺条件,在单因子试验的基础上结合正交试验,分别考察浸提次数、超声功率、单次浸提时间、浸提溶剂浓度、料液比等5个因素对太子参皂苷提取得率的影响.结果表明超声功率和料液比对皂苷提取影响最大,浸提溶剂浓度的影响次之,浸提次数和单次浸提时间的影响最小.太子参皂苷的最佳超声波提取工艺为:向太子参粉末中加入40倍量80%乙醇,500 W超声浸提2次,每次40 min.优化后的皂苷提取得率为0.93%,是优化前的1.58倍,该优化的提取工艺操作简单,提取得率高且重复性好,可作为太子参皂苷提取的理想方法.

The optimum processing condition of the ultrasonic extraction for saponins in Pseudostellaria hetero⁃phylla was studied.The factors affecting the yield were optimized through a combination of the single factor and orthogonal design tests,including the extraction times,the ultrasonic power,the single extraction time,the solvent concentration and the ratio of material to solution.The results showed that ultrasonic power and ratio of material to solution had the greatest influence on the extraction of saponins,followed by the solvent concentra⁃tion,and the effects of extraction times and single extraction time were the least.The optimum condition was as the follows:Pseudostellaria heterophylla powder mixed with 40 times the amount of 80%ethanol solution with ultrasonic extraction of 500W for 2 times with 40 min each time.The extraction yield of saponins after optimiza⁃tion is 0.93%,which is 1.58 times higher than that before optimization.The optimum condition has the advan⁃tages of simple operation,high extraction yield and good repeatability,and can be used as an ideal method for extracting saponins from Pseudostellaria heterophylla.