珠海外伶仃岛海域海洋牧场选址探讨

Site selection of marine ranching in Wailingding Island sea area of Zhuhai

海洋牧场选址是海洋牧场建设前需首要考虑的重要环节,适宜的选址是确保海洋牧场建设成功的前提。文章从海岸线稳定性、海洋功能区划、海洋生态红线、养殖水域滩涂规划、海洋工程和设施等5个方面选取了34个指标作为海洋牧场适宜性评价的因素,建立海洋牧场选址指标体系。在此基础上,根据珠海外伶仃岛海域实际情况,选取岛屿海岸线长度和面积变化强度、海洋功能区划、海洋生态红线、养殖水域滩涂规划、港口、锚地、通航密集区、海底管线等8个指标,采用地理信息系统空间分析方法,对珠海外伶仃岛海域海洋牧场选址进行适宜性评价。结果表明,研究区域内无最适宜和较适宜进行海洋牧场建设的区域,一般适宜和不适宜的区域所占面积分别为33.09和45.59 km2,其中适宜海洋牧场建设区域与珠海市目前已建人工鱼礁和规划海洋牧场区域范围相近。

Site selection of marine ranching plays a key role in marine ranching construction.Appropriate site is the precondition of a successful marine ranching construction.In this study,we selected 34 indicators as the factors for marine ranching suitability evaluation(Coastline stability,marine functional zoning,marine ecological red lines,aquaculture water tidal flat planning,marine engineering and facilities),and established an index system for marine ranching site selection.On this basis,according to the actual situation of Wailingding Island of Zhuhai,we selected eight indexes including length and area change intensity of island coastline,marine functional zoning,marine ecological red line,beach planning of aquaculture waters,ports,anchorages,navigable areas and submarine pipelines,to evaluate the suitability of marine ranching site selection in that sea area by using the spatial analysis method of GIS.The results show that there was no most suitable and more suitable area for marine ranching construction,and the areas of generally suitable and unsuitable areas for marine pasture construction were 33.09 and 45.59 km2,respectively.The suitable area for marine ranching construction was similar to the existing artificial reefs and planned marine ranching areas in Zhuhai.