半干旱煤矿排土场边坡侵蚀与植物配置关系

The Relationship Between Slope Erosion and Plant Configuration in Semi-arid Coal Mine Drainage Field

煤矿排土场进行生态修复要考虑复垦成本,为探究水土保持效益最高的植物配置模式,以胜利矿区南排土场复垦区内不同植物配置的3个代表性区域为监测对象.采用无人机遥感技术,掌握监测区的植被高度、植被盖度及叶面积指数等参数信息,并提取监测区的土壤侵蚀量,得到边坡侵蚀与植物配置的关系.结果表明:边坡植被盖度与土壤侵蚀模数有很强的负相关性,R=0.843,抗土壤侵蚀边际效益最高的区间为30%~40%植被覆盖度,侵蚀控制能力与灌木和多年生草本的比例呈正相关关系,由此得出监测区的最优植被配置,从而为确定合适的优势物种及植被覆盖度、排土场水土流失防治提供理论依据.

Ecological restoration of the drainage field should consider the cost of reclamation, in order to find out the plant configuration mode with the highest soil and water conservation benefit, the three representative areas of different plant configuration in the southern drainage field reclamation of the Victory Mining Area should be monitored. Using the remote sensing technology of the drone, the information of the parameters, such as vegetation height, vegetation cover and leaf area index of the monitoring area is obtained, the soil erosion amount of the monitoring area is extracted, and the relationship between slope erosion and plant configuration is obtained. Results show that there is a strongly negative correlation between slope vegetation coverage and soil erosion modulus, R=0.843, the highest marginal benefit of soil erosion resistance is 30%~40% vegetation coverage, and the erosion control ability is related to shrubs and perennials. From this, the optimal vegetation configuration in the monitoring area is obtained, thus providing the theoretical basis for determining the suitable vegetation cover of the dominant species and vegetation.