骨性Ⅱ类高角成年女性上气道形态、颅颈姿势和前牙位置的相关性分析

Relationships among pharyngeal airway morphology,craniocervical posture and anterior teeth position in hy⁃perdivergent skeletal ClassⅡfemale adults

目的 探讨骨性Ⅱ类高角成年女性上气道形态、颅颈姿势和前牙位置之间的关联,为正畸临床诊治提供参考。方法 选取104例未经正畸治疗的骨性Ⅱ类(ANB≥4.7°)成年女性的头颅侧位片,根据下颌平面角分为高角组(MP-SN>37°)(n=52)和均角组(29°≤MP-SN≤37°)(n=52),对各组上气道矢状径、颅颈角、前牙位置进行测量。结果 与均角组相比,高角组的鼻咽部、腭咽部、舌咽部气道更狭窄(P<0.05),颅颈角更大(P<0.05);高角组鼻咽部气道矢状径与颅颈角呈负相关(P<0.05),高角组及均角组喉咽部气道矢状径均与颅颈角呈正相关(P<0.05);高角组及均角组颅颈角均与上前牙唇倾度呈负相关(P<0.05),高角组与均角组颅颈角均与咬合平面倾斜度呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 骨性Ⅱ类高角成年女性上气道较狭窄、颅颈姿势较伸展,颅颈姿势同时与气道形态和前牙位置具有相关性,提示呼吸功能、头颈部姿势、牙[牙合]面形态存在一定程度关联。

Objective To explore the relationships among pharyngeal airway morphology,craniocervical posture,and anterior teeth position in hyperdivergent skeletal ClassⅡfemale adults and provide a reference for orthodontic clini⁃cal diagnosis and treatment.Methods Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 104 untreated skeletal ClassⅡ(ANB≥4.7°)female adults were included and divided into a hyperdivergent group(MP⁃SN˃37°)(n=52)and a normodivergent group(29°≤MP⁃SN≤37°)(n=52)by mandibular plane angle.The pharyngeal airway sagittal size,craniocervical an⁃gulation and anterior teeth position of the two groups were measured.Results Compared to the normodivergent group,hyperdivergent subjects exhibited narrower nasopharyngeal,velopharyngeal,and glossopharyngeal airways(P<0.05)and larger craniocervical angulations(P<0.05).In the hyperdivergent group,the nasopharyngeal airway sagittal size was neg⁃atively correlated with craniocervical angulations(P<0.05),while the hypopharyngeal airway sagittal size was positively correlated with craniocervical angulations in the hyperdivergent group and normodivergent group(P<0.05).In both groups,craniocervical angulations were negatively related to the labiolingual inclination of the upper incisors(P<0.05)but positively related to the inclination of the occlusal plane(P<0.05).Conclusion Hyperdivergent skeletal ClassⅡfemale adults had narrower upper airways and more extended craniocervical posture,which was correlated with pharynge⁃al airway morphology and anterior teeth position simultaneously.These results suggested that there were correlations among respiratory efficiency,craniocervical posture and dentofacial morphology.