重大传染病疫情情境下网络舆情时空分异规律研究

Research on Spatial and Temporal Differentiation of Public Opinion in the Situation of Major Infectious Diseases

[目的/意义]重大传染病疫情因其突发性、社会性、更广泛传播性等特点极易造成舆情扩散式爆发,探究该情境下网络舆情时空分异规律,掌握不同时期、不同区域民众关注焦点及情绪的演化与分布差异,有助于政府在重大传染病疫情网络舆情中的民众诉求识别、社会情绪引导和相关风险防控。[方法/过程]以南京新冠疫情为例,获取微博舆情数据并划分时空区域,通过Top2Vec主题识别、SnowNLP情感计算等方法刻画重大传染病疫情网络舆情中公众关注焦点及其情感的时空分异规律。[结果/结论]在重大传染病疫情情境下,民众关注焦点在时间和空间上都呈现“指向自我→指向他人→指向社会”的趋势。民众情感值在时间上总体呈现趋向积极的递增态势,在空间上体现出一定的“涟漪效应”,边缘带地区民众情感具有一定的不确定性和复杂性。

[Purpose/Significance]The epidemic situation of major infectious diseases is easy to cause public opinion spreading outbreak because of its characteristics of suddenness,sociality and wider spread.Exploring the temporal and spatial differentiation of public opinion in the situation of major infectious diseases,and mastering the differences in the evolution and distribution of people’s concerns and emotions in different periods and regions can help the government to identify people’s demands,guide social emotions and prevent and control related risks in public opinion of major infectious diseases.[Method/Process]Taking the epidemic situation in COVID-19,Nanjing as an example,the data of public opinion in Weibo was obtained and divided into temporal and spatial regions.Through Top2 Vec topic identity and SnowNLP emotion calculation,the temporal and spatial differentiation law of public concern and emotion was described.[Results/Conclusions]In the situation of major infectious diseases,the focus of people’s concern shows a trend from pointing to self,pointing to others and then pointing to society in time and space.People’s emotional value tends to be positive and increasing in time,and reflects ripple effect in space.People’s emotions in marginal areas have certain uncertainty and complexity.