简易覆盖对新疆阿克苏北冰红葡萄果实品质的影响

Effects of simple mulch on fruit quality of ’Beibinghong’ grape in Aksu,Xinjiang

研究单层草帘+单层彩条布、单层草帘和单层彩条布3种简易防寒覆盖方式对翌年北冰红葡萄萌芽率及果实品质的影响,以期为北冰红葡萄筛选适合的安全越冬方式提供理论依据。采用隶属函数法对果实品质指标结果标准化,基于层次分析法进行综合评价。结果表明:北冰红葡萄果实品质的评价因子有4个,分别为果实理化品质(0.3908)=酚类物质品质(0.3908)>果实外观品质(0.1509)>矿质元素品质(0.0675),综合评价显示,单层草帘+单层彩条布处理下,果实品质得分最高,在兼顾产量的同时,糖酸比、花色苷含量等指标最高,单层彩条布处理得分最低,果实外观品质指标和理化品质指标普遍较低,但酚类物质中的白藜芦醇含量和总黄酮含量较高,营养价值最佳,相关分析表明,萌芽率与总糖含量、糖酸比存在显著或极显著正相关关系,萌芽率与白藜芦醇含量、总黄酮含量和Fe元素含量均存在显著负相关关系。综上所述,不同防寒处理方式主要影响果汁的甜度及营养成分。单层草帘+单层彩条布处理下,果汁既可作为优质葡萄酒的原材料,也可作为抗氧化剂或调色剂,单层彩条布处理下,果汁可用作加工制品或与其他葡萄汁混酿以提高营养成分配比。

The effects of different simple mulch methods(straw and color strip, straw, color strip) on the next year germination rate and fruit quality of Vitis amurensis Rupr. ’Beibinghong’ grape were studied to provide a theoretical basis for safety out of the winter. The data were standardized using subordinate function method, then the measured indicators were comprehensively evaluated by yaahp. The results showed that there were four evaluation factors of fruit quality: fruit physical and chemical(0.390 8) = phenolic substance(0.390 8) > appearance quality(0.150 9) > mineral element(0.067 5). It is suggested that straw and color strip had highest composite score, which not only ensured yield, but also obviously promoted the sugar-acid ratio and anthocyanin. Color strip had the lowest score, the appearance quality index and fruit physical and chemical were generally low, had the best nutritional value because of resveratrol and total flavones contents are highest. Correlation analysis showed that there were significant positive correlations between germination rate and total sugar content and sugar-acid ratio,there were significant negative correlations among germination rate with resveratrol, total flavones, Fe content. In summary, the sweetness and nutrient composition of fruit juice were mainly affected by different treatment methods. Under straw and color strip, fruit juice not only can be used as raw materials for premium wines, but also can be used as antioxidant and color blender.Under color strip, fruit juices can be used as processed products or blended with other grape juice to enhance the nutritional content.