煤工尘肺动脉血氧分压水平及影响因素分析

Analysis of oxygen partial pressure and its influencing factors among patients with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis

目的了解新疆乌鲁木齐市煤工尘肺患者的氧分压水平,分析不同人口学特征和职业特征与氧分压的关系,并探讨其相关影响因素。方法采用便利抽样的方法,选择于2019年10月至2020年12月在新疆维吾尔自治区某职业病医院确诊为煤工尘肺的住院患者100例作为研究对象,采集桡动脉血样,血气分析仪检测氧分压。结果研究对象的氧分压平均值为(78.69±13.75)mmHg,其中异常率为51%,轻度低氧血症为41%;年龄<35岁的煤工尘肺患者的氧分压最高,年龄>55岁的煤工尘肺患者的氧分压最低(F=3.521,P<0.05);饮酒的煤工尘肺患者的氧分压低于不饮酒的煤工尘肺患者的氧分压(t=-2.702,P<0.05);随着煤工尘肺患者期别的增加氧分压呈现降低的趋势(F=10.553,P<0.05);长期工的煤工尘肺患者的氧分压低于退休的煤工尘肺患者的氧分压(t=-2.791,P<0.05);有单位防护措施的煤工尘肺患者的氧分压高于没有单位防护措施的煤工尘肺患者的氧分压(t=-2.115,P<0.05)。年龄、饮酒、尘肺分期、目前就业状态和单位防护措施等特征的氧分压进行比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);logistic回归分析发现煤工尘肺患者所处的期别是其危险因素(OR=3.235,95%CI:1.232~8.495)。结论约一半的煤工尘肺患者氧分压降低,氧分压降低的患者往往易出现低氧血症现象,煤工尘肺病期别是煤工尘肺氧分压的危险因素,相关单位要加大力度早发现早预防煤工尘肺病的发生。

Objective To understand the oxygen partial pressure level of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis patients in Urumqi,Xinjiang,to analyze the relationship between different demographic characteristics and occupational characteristics and oxygen partial pressure,and to explore the related influencing factors.Methods A total of 100 inpatients diagnosed with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis in an occupational disease hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from October 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the study subjects by convenience sampling method.Radial artery blood samples were collected and oxygen partial pressure was measured by blood gas analyzer.Results The mean oxygen partial pressure of the subjects was(78.69±13.75)mmHg,and the abnormal rate was 51%,and the mild hypoxemia was 41%.The oxygen partial pressure of patients aged<35 years was the highest,and that of patients aged>55 years was the lowest(F=3.521,P<0.05).The oxygen partial pressure of the patients who drank alcohol was lower than that of the patients who did not drink alcohol(t=-2.702,P<0.05).The oxygen partial pressure of patients with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis decreased with the increase of stage(F=10.553,P<0.05).The oxygen partial pressure of long-term workers was lower than that of retired workers(t=-2.791,P<0.05).The oxygen partial pressure of patients with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis with unit protection measures was higher than that of patients without unit protection measures(t=-2.115,P<0.05).Oxygen partial pressure of age,drinking,pneumoconiosis stage,current employment status and unit protection measures were compared,and the differences were statistically significant(ALL P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the stage of patients with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis was different from its risk factors(OR=3.235,95%CI:1.232-8.495).Conclusion About half of the patients with coal workers’pneumoconiosis have low oxygen partial pressure,and patients with low oxygen partial pressure are prone to hypoxemia.The stage of coal workers’pneumoconiosis is the risk factor of oxygen partial pressure of coal workers’pneumoconiosis.Relevant units should strengthen efforts to detect and prevent the occurrence of coal workers’pneumoconiosis early.