陈洵释梦窗词之结构论及其词史意义

Chen Xun’s Explanation of the Structure of Wu Wenying’s Ci-poetry and Its Significance in the History of Ci-poetry

“词体结构论”的提出始自20世纪90年代,吴世昌被塑造成这一理论范式的主要来源。实际上,“词体结构论”并非一二人所独创,而是以潜流形态存在于漫长的词史之中。其中,陈洵的《海绡说词》有着不容忽视的重要意义,其以精深的文本细读之功,将“留”“逆”“钩勒”等术语纳入阐释体系,对梦窗词进行了颇具规模的结构化分析,显露出一个“词体结构论”的范式雏形。就其对梦窗词的阐释而言,主要内涵有二:一是词体空间结构中意脉的隐显与层进;二是时间结构之穿插、伸缩、承转及情感质素在其中的“绵延”。沿此路径,《海绡说词》更是推诸周邦彦、辛弃疾词评,初步形成一个颇具普遍意义的理论架构,推动了从印象式点评到结构化分析的范式转移,以及词学批评学的现代发生。

The“structure of ci-poetry”was raised in the 1990 s,and Wu Shichang was established as the main initiator of this theoretical paradigm.In fact,the“structure of ci-poetry”was not the creation of any single individual,but had its origins in the long history of ci-poetry.Among them,the importance of Chen Xun’s Remarks on Ci-poetry cannot be ignored.Through close reading,Chen’s work incorporated theoretical terms into its interpreting system and provided large-scale structural analyses of Wu Wenying’s ci-poetry,embodying a prototype of the paradigm of“structure of ci-poetry”.Its interpretation of Wu Wenying’s ci-poetry had two connotations:the concealment and progression of meaning in the spatial structure of ci-poetry,and the interlude,expansion and contraction of the temporal structure with the extension of emotional quality in it.Adopting this approach,Chen Xun’s Remarks on Ci-poetry extended its analyses to the criticism of Zhou Bangyan’s and Xin Qiji’s ci-poetry,forming a preliminary yet general theoretical structure that promoted the paradigm shift from impressionistic comment to structural analysis and the modern occurrence of ci-poetry criticism.