高冰草不同物候期淀粉及三大营养成分研究

Study on Starch and Three Nutrient Components of Agropyron elongatum at Different Phenological Stages

以引种在甘孜州的高冰草为对象,研究了高冰草三大营养成分(粗脂肪、粗蛋白、粗纤维)以及淀粉在不同物候期的变化情况。结果表明,在高冰草生长过程中,粗蛋白呈上升趋势,粗纤维呈递减的趋势,淀粉先升后降,粗脂肪先降后升。高冰草粗蛋白、粗脂肪在分蘖期最高,淀粉在拔节期最高,粗纤维在分蘖期最低,可见高冰草在分蘖期和拔节期进行刈割鲜草时养分最高,该时期高冰草饲喂价值较高。Pearson相关性分析表明,粗蛋白、粗脂肪、淀粉均与土壤的N、P呈极显著正相关,与土壤C/N、C/P和土壤含水率呈极显著负相关,粗纤维与土壤C/N、C/P和土壤含水率呈显著正相关,与土壤N、P、N/P呈显著的负相关,可见高冰草生长过程中要适时地补充氮肥和磷肥,有利于粗蛋白、淀粉、粗脂肪含量的增加。

The changes of three major nutritional components(crude fat,crude protein and crude fiber)and starch in different phenological stages of Agropyron elongatum introduced in Ganzi were studied.The results showed that during the growth process of A.elongatum,crude protein increased,crude fiber decreased,starch increased first and then decreased,and crude fat decreased first and then increased.The crude protein and crude fat of A.elongatum were the highest at tillering stage,the starch was the highest at jointing stage,and the crude fiber was the lowest at tillering stage.Thus,the nutrients of A.elongatum were the highest when cutting fresh grass at tillering stage and jointing stage.The feeding value of A.elongatum was high at this stage.Pearson correlation analysis showed that crude protein,crude fat and starch were significantly positively correlated with soil N and P,and were negatively correlated with soil C/N,C/P and soil moisture content.Crude fiber was positively correlated with soil C/N,C/P and soil moisture content,and was negatively correlated with soil N,P and N/P.Thus,nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers should be supplemented in time during the growth of A.elongatum,which was conducive to the increase of the contents of crude protein,starch and crude fat.