资源竞争还是制度规范--慈善基金会在组织网络中的信息公开行为

For Resource or Institution?--Information Disclosure by Charitable Foundations through Organizational Network

随着公益慈善行业和信息技术的发展,我国几千家不同类型、不同地域、不同行业的慈善基金会之间产生了复杂的合作、竞争等关系,这些关系共同组成了我国基金会组织网络的宏大图景。网络治理中的问责缺失,是困扰公共管理学界的重要问题。关于基金会在网络中的信息公开行为,已有研究主要从合法性理论和资源依赖理论探讨。本研究通过对我国慈善基金会的组织网络进行分类,利用社会网络分析和事件史分析,对基金会全样本进行实证研究后发现,基金会参与捐赠网络、沙龙论坛网络和互联网公募平台与基金会建立官网的信息公开行为呈正相关,基金会参与理事互嵌网络不利于其信息公开行为的出现。同地区其他基金会的信息公开行为,以及政府参与组织的组织网络,会对基金会的信息公开行为产生横向、纵向的积极推动作用,从而验证了资源依赖理论和合法性机制在组织网络中对基金会产生的作用,解决了科层制问责带来的问题,扩展了制度主义理性选择学派的中观视角。

With the development of the charity industry and information technology,thousands of charitable foundations of different types,different regions and different industries in China have complex cooperation,competition and other relations,which together constitute the grand picture of the organizational network of foundations in China.The lack of accountability in network governance is an important issue that plagues the academic community of public management.The existing research on the information disclosure of foundations in the network is mainly discussed from the legitimacy theory and resource dependence theory.Based on the classification of the organizational network of charitable foundations in China,this study uses social network analysis and event history analysis to conduct an empirical study on the whole sample of foundations.It is found that the foundation's participation in the donation network,salon forum network and Internet public offering platform is positively correlated with the information disclosure behavior of the foundation's official website.The foundation's participation in the inter-embedded network of directors is not conducive to the emergence of its information disclosure behavior.The information disclosure behavior of other foundations in the same region,as well as the government's participation in the organizational network will have a positive role in promoting the information disclosure behavior of foundations horizontally and vertically,thus verifying the combined effect of Legitimacy Theory and Resource Dependency Theory in foundation network,and shed light on the research on accountability and institutionalism.