自然保护区内矿业权法律限制研究

A Normative Analysis on the Legislative Restriction on Mining Rights Caused by the NR Regime

2017年,祁连山国家级自然保护区生态环境问题引起了党和国家的高度重视,其中暴露出的地方机关监管不力、地方立法规定不严等问题,在社会上引起了强烈反响。在反思地方立法在自然保护区、矿产资源开发等领域的规定“不够规范”的同时,正确理解《矿产资源法》和《自然保护区条例》两部规范性法律文件中所规定的自然保护区制度对矿业权行使的限制,显得尤为重要。通过规范分析可以发现,两部立法在相应规定方面存在着紧张关系。当前,自然资源资产产权制度改革正式进入推进落实阶段,随着改革工作的推进,相关立法也在创制和修改过程当中。在此次修改中,有必要通过完善矿业权许可条件规定,提高自然保护区立法位阶等手段,协调现行立法的相关冲突。

The ecological disaster in the Qilian National Nature Reserve has attracted great attention of the Party and our country.Among all explorations in this disaster,the weak supervision by the local authorities and the liberal local legislations has caused much reaction in the society.While criticizing the underlying disorders of local legislations on nature reserves and mineral exploration,the concerns understanding the accurate restriction on mining rights caused by the NR regime under the Mineral Resources Law and the Regulations on Nature Reserves is of high importance.However,due to the conflict between the two laws,it is necessary to have a coordination between the two laws by improving the legislation on the conditions for issuing the mining permits and raising the legal hierarchy of the nature reserves legislations.Nowadays,the Reform of Natural Resources Property Regime is prompted,the requirements of this reform should be taken into consideration while amending these two legislations.