柴胡消石自拟方对结石性胆囊炎豚鼠胆囊病理及脂多糖、微囊蛋白-3的影响

Effect of self-formulated Chaihu Xiaoshi decoction on the pathology of gallbladder and lipopolysaccharide and microcystin-3 in guinea pigs with calculous cholecystitis

目的 观察柴胡消石自拟方对结石性胆囊炎豚鼠胆囊组织病理形态及血清脂多糖(LPS)、微囊蛋白-3(CAV-3)水平的影响。方法 将30只雌性豚鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、柴胡消石自拟方组,每组10只。模型组和柴胡消石自拟方组连续喂以高胆固醇致石饲料4周建立结石性胆囊炎模型。造模成功后,柴胡消石自拟方组给予柴胡消石自拟方颗粒剂灌胃,空白组和模型组给予等量生理盐水灌胃,均连续灌胃4周。灌胃结束后,肉眼及镜下观察各组豚鼠胆囊病理形态,腹主动脉取血测定血清LPS、CAV-3水平。结果 肉眼观察:空白组胆囊颜色红润,形态大小正常,血运良好,胆汁透亮,胆囊壁无增厚;模型组胆囊颜色较深,体积增大,血运不佳,出现明显的炎症,胆汁浑浊,胆囊壁增厚,胆囊内见灰色泥沙样颗粒;柴胡消石自拟方组胆囊颜色较模型组浅,胆汁清澈,胆囊壁厚度较模型组薄,炎症明显减轻,胆囊内少量灰色泥沙样颗粒沉淀。镜下观察:空白组胆囊黏膜上皮细胞呈单层柱状排列,黏膜皱壁完整,囊襞无充血、水肿及炎性细胞浸润;模型组胆囊部分腺上皮脱落或增生,黏膜间质水肿、充血、炎性细胞浸润;柴胡消石自拟方组上述病变较模型组轻。模型组豚鼠血清LPS、CAV-3水平均明显高于空白组(P均<0.05),柴胡消石自拟方组豚鼠血清LPS、CAV-3水平均明显低于模型组(P均<0.05)。结论 柴胡消石自拟方可逆转结石性胆囊炎的病理改变,机制可能与调控血清LPS和CAV-3水平减轻结石性胆囊炎豚鼠胆囊的炎症和改善胆囊动力有关。

Objective It is to observe the effect of self-formulated Chaihu Xiaoshi decoction on the pathology of gallbladder and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and microcystin-3(CAV-3) in guinea pigs with calculous cholecystitis. Methods Thirty female guinea pigs were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, and a group, with 10 guinea pigs in each group. The model group and the self-formulated Chaihu Xiaoshi decoction group(TCM group) were fed with high cholesterol lithogenic diet for 4 weeks to establish the models of calculous cholecystitis. After the successful modeling, the TCM group was gavaged with self-formulated Chaihu Xiaoshi decoction granules, and the blank group and the model group were gavaged with the same amount of saline, all groups were gavaged for 4 weeks. After the gavage, the pathological morphology of the gallbladder of guinea pigs in each group was observed visually and microscopically, and the levels of LPS and CAV-3 in serum from abdominal aorta were measured. Results Visual observation: in the blank group, the gallbladder was florid in color, normal in shape and size, with good blood flow, translucent bile and no thickening of the gallbladder wall;in the model group, the gallbladder was darker in color, enlarged in size, with poor blood flow, obvious inflammation, turbid bile, thickening of the gallbladder wall and gray sediment-like particles in the gallbladder;in the TCM group, the gallbladder was lighter in color than the model group, the bile was clear, the thickness of the gallbladder wall was thinner than that of the model group, the inflammation was obviously reduced, and a small amount of gray sediment-like particles were precipitated in the gallbladder. Microscopic observation: in the blank group, the epithelial cells of gallbladder mucosa were arranged in a single layer with columnar shape, the mucosal wrinkled wall was intact, and the cyst wall was free of congestion, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration;in the model group, part of the glandular epithelium of gallbladder was detached or proliferated, and the mucosal interstitium was edematous, congested and infiltrated with inflammatory cells;the above lesions were lighter in the TCM group than that in the model group. The levels of serum LPS and CAV-3 in the model group were significantly higher than those in the blank group(all P<0.05), while the levels of serum LPS and CAV-3 in the TCM group were significantly lower than those in the model group(all P<0.05). Conclusion Self-formulated Chaihu Xiaoshi decoction can reversed the pathological changes of calculous cholecystitis, and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of serum LPS and CAV-3 levels to reduce inflammation and improve gallbladder dynamics in the gallbladder of guinea pigs with calculous cholecystitis.