阀门调节对水锤压力的控制效果对比研究

Comparative Study on Control Effect of Valve Adjustment on Water Hammer Pressure

水锤作为输水工程中常见的安全性问题,往往由阀门非正常操作引起,因此有必要对比分析不同阀门调节方式下的水锤问题。通过CFD技术和动网格技术模拟了不同的单、双阀调节方式,分析了管道内不同位置处的水锤压力波动情况。结果表明,单阀调节时,先快后慢的关阀方式在一定的快关关闭量范围内对水锤有抑制作用,快关关闭量过大,即会起到恶化水锤的效果,快关量为60%时可对水锤压力进行有效控制,而快关量为80%时则会恶化水锤;双阀调节时,综合考虑两阀之前和两阀之间压力可发现同时采用“前0.25 s关60%,后0.25 s关40%”方式可避免过高压力及负压的出现。研究结果可为实际工程中阀门快速关断过程设计和操作方案提供参考。

As a common safety problem in water diversion engineering, water hammer is often caused by abnormal operation of valves, So, it is necessary to conduct a comparative analysis of water hammer problems under different valve adjustment methods. The CFD technology and dynamic mesh technology were used to simulate different single and double valve adjustment modes, and analyze the fluctuation of water hammer pressure at different locations in the pipeline. The results show that when the single valve is adjusted, the first fast and then slow closing valve mode has an inhibitory effect on the water hammer within a certain range of fast shutdown;The fast closing amount is too large, which will play a worsening effect of water hammer;When the fast shutdown amount is 60%, the water hammer pressure can be effectively controlled, and the water hammer will deteriorate when the fast shutdown amount is 80%;When adjusting the double valve, considering the pressure before and between the two valves, it can be found that the “first 0.25 s off 60%, the last 0.25 s off 40%” method can avoid the occurrence of excessive pressure and negative pressure. The research result provides a design and operation scheme for the rapid shut-off process of the valve in practical engineering.