我国水稻秸秆利用现状和饲用加工技术研究进展

Utilization Status of Rice Straw and Research Progress of Feed Processing Technology in China

随着人们生活水平的提高,牛羊肉以及其副产品消费量持续增加,饲料粮供需缺口扩大,饲料粮供给不足严重威胁着国家粮食安全。我国是全球作物生产大国,秸秆种类繁多,数量巨大,其中水稻秸秆产量约占全国秸秆总量的1/4。水稻秸秆具有一定的饲用价值,可用于喂养反刍动物。本文综述了我国水稻生产与秸秆利用现状,分析了水稻秸秆的饲用价值,概述了水稻秸秆加工利用关键技术,提出了影响水稻秸秆饲用推广应用的限制因素,并展望了水稻秸秆饲料化综合利用前景。

With the improvement of people’s living standards, the consumption of beef, mutton and its by-products continues to increase, and the gap between the supply and demand of feed grains is expanding, and the insufficient supply of feed grains is a serious threat to national food security. China is a big crop producing country with a wide variety of straws and a huge quantity, of which the output of rice straw accounts for about 2/3 of the total straw in the country. Rice straw has certain forage value and can be used to feed ruminants. This paper reviewed the current situation of rice production and straw utilization in China, analyzed the feeding value of rice straw, summarized the key techniques of rice straw processing and utilization, put forward the limiting factors affecting the promotion and application of rice straw as feed, and prospected the prospect of comprehensive utilization of rice straw as feed.