黄芪“红心病”的病原鉴定及药剂防治研究

Study on Pathogen Identification and Chemical Control of Astragalus membranaceus‘Red Heart Disease'

[目的]对引起甘肃省民乐县黄芪“红心病”的病原菌进行分离,并筛选防治该病害的最佳药剂。[方法]采用组织分离法对引起黄芪“红心病”的病原菌进行分离纯化,根据致病菌菌落、菌丝体、孢子体等形态,对照《真菌鉴定手册》进行鉴定,并采用生长速率法进行药剂毒力测定。[结果]民乐县黄芪“红心病”致病菌为半知菌亚门的镰刀菌。通过室内抑菌试验和毒力测定结果表明,10%混合氨基酸铜,EC_(50)为1.4168μg/m L,对镰刀菌效果最佳,其次为20%乙酸铜,EC_(50)为1.4145μg/m L。[结论]建议在防治时交替使用药剂10%混合氨基酸铜和20%乙酸铜,以提高对黄芪“红心病”的防效。

[Objective]The pathogen causing‘red heart disease’of Astragalus membranaceus in Minle county of Gansu province was isolated,and the best fungicide for controlling the disease was screened.[Method]The pathogen causing‘red heart disease’of A.membranaceus was isolated and purified by tissue separation method.The colony,mycelium and sporophyte of pathogenic bacteria were identified according to the Fungal Identification Manual,and the toxicity of the fungicide was determined by the growth rate method.[Result]The pathogenic bacteria of A.membranaceus‘red heart disease’in Minle county was Fusarium of Deuteromycotina.The results of indoor bacteriostatic test and virulence determination showed that the EC_(50) of 10%mixed amino acid copper was 1.4168μg/mL,which had the best effect on Fusarium,followed by 20%copper acetate,with EC_(50) of 1.4145μg/mL.[Conclusion]It is suggested that 10%mixed amino acid copper and 20%copper acetate should be used alternately to improve the control effect on A.membranaceus‘red heart disease’.