150 t钢水包扩容减重研究

Study on Expansion and Weight-reduction Optimization for 150 t Steel Ladle

针对某炼钢厂150 t精炼钢水包扩容到165 t后的初步设计超重问题,采用热机耦合有限元方法,考虑吊运、底部坐包和耳轴箱坐包3种工况,计算了初步设计钢包的温度场和热机耦合应力场。依据计算结果,进行了3轮减重优化分析。在每一轮分析中,根据耦合应力和温度分布分析结果,逐步优化钢包结构和尺寸。最终,使钢包外璧最高温度控制在340℃以下,最大耦合应力控制在265 MPa以下,耐火层最大耦合应力控制在20 MPa以下。通过选用高强度、抗热蠕变钢材制造钢包结构,使用减重优化设计降低钢包质量10.2 t,满足了不改造或更换吊运装置和钢水加盖机构的要求,现场运行良好。该研究为提高钢包扩容能力的相关技术水平提供了重要的依据。

In order to solve the over weight of the preliminary design of the 150 t expansion ladle,the temperature and mechanical-thermal coupling stress fields are calculated by the three-dimensional finite element method for three cases including lifting,gravity sitting and sitting on trunnion box.According the calculation results of the preliminary design,three weight-reduction optimizations are performed.In each optimization,the temperature and mechanical-thermal coupling stress fields are calculated,and then the components of the ladle are gradually optimized.The maximum temperature of the outer wall of the ladle is controlled below 340℃,the maximum mechanical-thermal coupling stress of the ladle is controlled below 265 MPa,and maximum mechanical-thermal coupling stress of the ladle refractory layer is controlled below 20 MPa.By selecting the high strength and high creep resistance steel,the weight of the ladle is finally reduced over 10.2 t from that of the preliminary design.The requirements of remaining the crane and capping device are met,and the new expansion ladle operates well in use.The research results provide an important basis for the related technologies to improve the expansion capacity of ladles.