我国洪水风险分布特征及防治策略

Distribution pattern and prevention and control strategies for flood risks in China

介绍了全国水旱灾害风险普查洪水风险区划及灾害防治区划编制有关成果,对我国洪水风险分布总体特征以及不同类型区域的洪水风险分布特点及其防治策略进行了分析研究。当前,我国洪水风险及灾害防治等级较高区域主要位于江河湖泊未达标治理河段两岸、部分国家蓄滞洪区以及广大山地洪水威胁区和山洪灾害易发区,应重点针对这些区域加快推进河湖堤防达标建设、河道整治、蓄滞洪区建设和山洪灾害防治等工作,强化洪水风险管控和重点隐患排查力度,提升“四预”能力。

This paper presents the achievements of the national general survey of flood and drought disaster risks,including flood risk zoning and disaster prevention and control zoning.It analyzes the general distribution pattern of flood risks in China,as well as the distribution characteristics and prevention and control strategies for different types of regions.Currently,areas with high levels of flood risk and disaster prevention and control are mainly located along the banks of rivers and lakes where technical standards have not been met,some national flood storage and detention areas,and mountainous areas where floods are likely to occur.It is necessary to focus on these areas and accelerate efforts to upgrade embankments to meet standards,improve river courses,build flood storage and detention areas,and strengthen mountain flood disaster prevention and control,flood risk management,investigation of key hidden dangers,and increase capabilities of the forecast,early-warning,rehearsal and plan.