全面抗战时期民族主义视域下的西南民族研究

Southwest Ethnic Studies during the Period of War against Japan in All Respects from the Perspective of Nationalism

全面抗战爆发以后,日本全面侵华所带来的亡国危机激发出强烈而广泛的民族主义思潮,深刻影响了西南民族研究的目的、理论以及所取得的成就。民族主义视域下的西南民族研究肩负起了赓续中华民族生存、重塑中华民族文化多元内涵、反击帝国主义文化殖民图谋等重任。在民族主义思潮激荡之下,理论上出现了关于“中华民族是一个”、“宗族论”等争议,但在西南民族研究过程中又逐渐形成了中华民族整体认同和尊重国内各民族多元文化的新进路。民族主义情绪的高涨,促使学者群趋西南民族研究并取得丰硕的成果。他们对西南少数民族的田野调查和研究,丰富了中华民族共同体的多元文化内涵;对汉族和西南少数民族交往融合历程的研究,促进了中华民族一体意识的深化;对多学科研究理论与方法的借鉴与融汇,使得西南边疆民族研究成效卓著,不仅打破了长期以来帝国主义在西南民族研究中的优势地位和文化殖民意图,而且使得这一区域研究的话语权逐渐为国人所拥有。

After the outbreak of the war against Japan in all respects,the crisis of national extinction brought about by the Japanese invasion inspired strong and widespread nationalist trend,which profoundly influenced the aims,theories,and achievements of Southwestern ethnic studies.Southwest ethnic studies under nationalism had shouldered the responsibility of ensuring the survival of the Chinese nation,reshaping its cultural diversity and countering imperialist cultural colonial plot.Theoretical controversies such as“the Chinese nation is the one”and“clan theory”have arisen under the stirring tide of nationalism,but southwestern ethnic studies gradually saw a new tide of overall Chinese national identity and respect for the multiculture of domestic ethnic groups.The rise of nationalist sentiment has prompted scholars to southwestern ethnic groups research and achieved fruitful results.The field research and studies on the ethnic minorities in southwest China have enriched the multicultural connotation of the sense of community for the Chinese nation.Studies on the interaction and integration of Han and southwestern ethnic minorities have contributed to the deepening of the consciousness of the unity of the Chinese nation.The reference to and integration of multidisciplinary research theories and methods have made southwest ethnic studies fruitful,not only breaking the long-standing imperialist dominance and cultural colonial intentions in southwestern ethnic studies,but also gradually gaining the discourse power in southwestern ethnic studies.