新中国首套统编音乐教材述评

Commentary on the First Set of State-Compiled Music Textbooks in the People’s Republic of China

1954—1957年,根据党中央决策,在教育部的领导下,人民教育出版社编写出版了新中国第一套统编教材,开启了我国中小学教科书“一纲一本、统编统用”的新时代。其中,音乐学科由胡腾骥担任主编,组建了一支由音乐学科专家、一线名师和专业编辑组成的教材编写队伍,依照《小学唱歌教学大纲(草案)》《初级中学音乐教学大纲(草案)》精神,于1957年编辑出版了《初级小学歌曲集》《高级小学歌曲集》《初级中学歌曲集》,以及《初级小学唱歌教学参考书》《高级小学唱歌教学参考书》《初级中学音乐教学参考书》。教科书以歌曲集的形式呈现,体现多样化的作品题材与演唱形式;教学参考书以翔实、科学、具体的教学方法指导课堂实践。这一新中国成立后的首套统编音乐教材开启了我国中小学音乐教材编写的新篇章,具有一定的历史意义,同时对新时代中小学艺术教材的编写亦有重要的参考价值。

From 1954 to 1957,in accordance with the decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and under the organization and leadership of the Ministry of Education,People’s Education Press compiled and published the first set of unified textbooks in the People’s Republic of China which opened a new era of“the unified use of one syllabus and one textbook”in primary and secondary school.The music discipline was led by Hu Tengji as the editor-in-chief,with a textbook compilation team composed of experts,front-line teachers and professional editors who compiled and published a series of books in accordance with the spirit of Primary School Music Syllabus(Draft)and Junior High School Music Syllabus(Draft)in 1957.The textbooks were presented in the form of song collections,reflecting diverse topics and singing forms and the teaching reference books guided classroom practice with detailed,scientific and specific teaching methods.As the first set of State-compiled music textbooks after the founding of PRC,it opened a new chapter in the compilation of music textbooks for primary and secondary schools in China,carrying certain historical significance and has important reference value for the compilation of art textbooks for primary and secondary schools in the new era.