飞行员经颅交流电刺激睡眠调节干预方法研究

Research on sleep regulation intervention method of transcranial alternating current stimulation in pilots

目的针对飞行员经常需要打破昼夜节律出紧急任务的现状,研究一种经颅神经电刺激睡眠干预方法来缩短入睡时间、提高睡眠质量,以达到短时间内提高作战效能、提升飞行安全性的目的。方法提出了一种基于低频正弦交流电经颅刺激的睡眠干预方法,按照设计要求招募20名被试,每名被试参与3组睡眠干预实验,分别为对照组、伪刺激组和刺激组,其中刺激组使用经颅神经电刺激仪根据刺激方案对受试者进行电刺激干预,伪刺激组仅模拟刺激仪开关时的电流,其余时间不刺激,实验全程进行脑电、眼电、肌电信号的同步监测,记录相关数据。对采集到的脑电信号进行delta/theta功率谱密度比值分析,结合眼电、肌电信号确定受试者的入睡时间。结果对照组、伪刺激组和刺激组入睡时间分别为(17.29±7.72)、(11.41±4.71)、(5.21±3.36)min,刺激组入睡时间与对照组结果比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),伪刺激组入睡时间与对照组结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在入睡时间上刺激组<伪刺激组<对照组,证明该经颅神经交流电刺激方法可有效缩短被试入睡时间。

Objective In response to the current situation that pilots often need to break circadian rhythm for emergency missions,a sleep regulation intervention method of transcranial electrical nerve stimulation is studied to shorten the time to fall asleep and improve sleep quality,in order to achieve the purpose of improving combat effectiveness and flight safety in a short time.Methods A sleep intervention method based on low-frequency sinusoidal alternating current transcranial stimulation was proposed.Twenty subjects were recruited according to the design requirements,and each subject participated in three groups of sleep intervention experiments,namely,control group,pseudo-stimulation group and stimulation group.The stimulation group used transcranial nerve electrical stimulator to perform electrical stimulation intervention on subjects according to the stimulation scheme.The pseudo-stimulation group only stimulated the current when the stimulator was switched on and off,and did not stimulate the rest of the time.The electroencephalogram(EEG),electrooculogram(EOG),electromyography(EMG)signals were synchronously monitored throughout the experiment,and relevant data were recorded.The collected EEG signals were analyzed by delta/theta power spectral density ratio,and the time to fall asleep of the subjects was determined by combining the EOG and EMG signals.Results The time to fall asleep in the control group,the pseudo-stimulation and the stimulation group was(17.29±7.72)min,(11.41±4.71)min and(5.21±3.36)min,respectively.There was statistical difference in the time to fall asleep between the stimulation group and the control group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the pseudo-stimulation group and the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion Stimulation group<pseudo-stimulation group<control group in the time to fall asleep proves that the transcranial nerve alternating current stimulation method can effectively shorten the time to fall asleep of the subjects.