铁路无人区非集中区段断轨检测系统研究

Research on the Rail Broken Detection System of Non-centralized Section in the Railway Uninhabited Area

格库铁路青海段大部分处于偏远无人区,且区间无轨道电路,为检测断轨与减轻维护压力,设计了基于轨道电路原理的实时断轨检测系统。利用远距离无线电(Long Range Radio,LoRa)设计链式通信系统来传输报文,并进行理论指标验证;又在均匀传输线基础上得到轨道电路功率估计算式;随后,搭建信号发送系统,在室内利用模拟钢轨盘验证了使用功率估计区分断轨的可行性;最后,结合室内实验和链式通信系统搭建样机,现场测试验证了轨道电路功率估计算式的准确性。实验表明:利用轨道电路功率估计可有效、准确地完成断轨检测,室内和室外功率计算最小误差分别达1.06%和5.2%。相较于传统钢轨探伤方式,更适合在无人区非集中区段部署。

Most of the Qinghai section of Golmud-Korla railway located in remote uninhabited areas has not been equipped with track circuit.In order to detect rail breaks and reduce maintenance workload,a real-time rail broken detection system is designed based on the principle of track circuit.The long range radio(LoRa)is used to design a chain-type communication system to transmit messages and its theoretical indexes are verified.On the basis of the uniform transmission line,the track circuit power estimation formula is obtained,and then a signaling system is built to verify the feasibility of using power estimation to distinguish the rail break with simulated rail disc indoors.A prototype is created together with indoor experiment and chain-type communication system,and the accuracy of the power estimation formula of the track circuit is field testified.Experiments show that track circuit power estimation is effective to perform broken rail detection effectively and accurately,and the minimum error of indoor and outdoor power calculation can reach 1.06%and 5.2%,respectively.Compared with traditional rail flaw detection method,this system is more suitable for deployment in the non-centralized section in the uninhabited area.