股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗外侧壁完整型和外侧壁危险型股骨转子间骨折

Proximal femoral nail antirotation for femoral intertrochanteric fractures with lateral wall integrity and lateral wall risk

背景:对于老年创伤性髋部骨折患者而言,预后的相关因素非常复杂,股骨外侧壁的完整与否是影响因素之一,了解外侧壁损伤对股骨转子间骨折预后的影响具有重要的临床价值。目的:评估外侧壁完整性与股骨转子间骨折患者髋关节功能恢复及其预后之间的关系。方法:筛选股骨转子间骨折患者82例,所有患者均接受股骨近端防旋髓内钉固定治疗。依据外侧壁厚度将患者分为2组,外侧壁完整组(n=31)及外侧壁危险组(n=51)。比较两组患者围术期指标、负重时间、骨折愈合时间、髋关节功能及活动度、术后疼痛及并发症发生情况。结果与结论:(1)外侧壁完整组患者的住院时间、术中透视次数明显低于外侧壁危险组(P<0.05),其余围术期指标的差异无显著性意义;(2)术后两组患者均能早期下地和最终完全负重,但外侧壁危险组患者骨折愈合时间更长,完全负重时间明显延迟,末次随访的Harris评分更低,患侧髋伸屈活动度及颈干角更小(P<0.05);(3)两组患者各种并发症发生率比较差异无显著性意义,但总体并发症发生率外侧壁完整组明显更低(P<0.05);(4)综上,接受股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定治疗后,与外侧壁危险组患者相比,外侧壁完整组患者具有相对更好的预后。

BACKGROUND:For elderly patients with traumatic hip fractures,the related factors of prognosis are very complex,and the integrity of the lateral wall is one of the influencing factors.It is of important clinical value to understand the effect of lateral wall injury on the prognosis of femoral intertrochanteric fracture.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the relationship between the integrity of the lateral wall and hip functional recovery and other outcomes in patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures.METHODS:Totally 82 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures were screened and all patients received proximal femoral nail antirotation fixation.According to the thickness of the lateral wall,the patients were divided into the lateral wall intact group(n=31)and lateral wall risk group(n=51).The perioperative indexes,weight-bearing time,fracture healing time,hip joint function and range of motion,postoperative pain and complications were compared between the two groups.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The time of hospitalization and the number of fluoroscopies during operation in the lateral wall intact group were significantly lower than those in the lateral wall risk group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in other perioperative indexes.(2)Both groups were able to get down to the ground early after surgery and finally complete weight-bearing,but in the lateral wall risk group,the time of fracture healing was longer;the time of complete weight-bearing was significantly delayed;the Harris score of the last follow-up was lower;the range of motion of hip extension and flexion and neck trunk angle on the affected side were smaller(P<0.05).(3)There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups,but the overall incidence of complications in the lateral wall intact group was significantly lower(P<0.05).(4)In summary,after internal fixation of proximal femoral nail antirotation,patients with the intact lateral wall had a relatively better prognosis than those with risk lateral wall.