医学科研失信案件中的诚信问题特征及其治理

The Characteristics and Management of Integrity Issues in Medical Academic Misconducts

以国家卫健委发布的310个医学科研失信案件为研究对象,运用NVivo软件工具对案例文本质性数据量化分析和定性分析发现:“编造研究过程,伪造、篡改研究数据、图表等”行为案件占样本总数的58.1%,是当前极为突出的医学科研失信现象;存在两种及以上类型科研失信行为的101例案件中,89.1%是“违反论文署名及论文发表规范”与其他类型科研失信行为共现于同一学术成果;涉及两个及以上组织机构的案件占样本总数的23.5%。提出制定医学科研活动图片和数据使用行为准则、研发多模态医学科研诚信检测系统、健全医学科学数据管理技术平台等建议。

Taking 310 academic misconduct cases published by the National Health Commission as study samples,this paper uses NVivo software to make quantitative and qualitative analysis of the textual data of the cases.The cases of"fabricating research process,falsifying and tampering research data and charts"accounted for 58.1%of the total samples,which is an extremely prominent phenomenon of misconduct in medical scientific research at present.Among 101 cases with two or more types of dishonesty in scientific research,89.1%violated the code of attribution and publication,and were exposed of other types of academic misconduct at the same time.Cases involving two or more organizations accounted for 23.5%of the total samples.Some suggestions are put forward,such as establishing the code of conduct for the use of pictures and data in medical scientific research activities,developing a multi-modal integrity testing system for medical scientific research,and improving the technical platform of medical scientific data management.