马克思主义农业合作理论在湘鄂赣根据地合作社的实践与发展

The Practice and Development of Marxist Agricultural Cooperation Theory in the Cooperatives of the Hunan,Hubei and Jiangxi Base Areas

马克思主义农业合作理论是马克思、恩格斯吸收与改造西方合作思想的基础上创造的,经过列宁的丰富,并在中国革命实践中创新发展。土地革命时期,湘鄂赣根据地合作社辩证地继承了马克思主义农业合作理论的合理内核,根据生产力尚未重塑的实际,延续并改造了传统互助经济模式。面对发展过程中出现的诸多实际问题,根据地适时调整了合作社的管理体制和发展策略,将合作社纳入革命序列,实现了经济与政治双重属性的有机统一,呈现出异于西方经营生产的中国化发展模式,开辟了中国共产党发展“共生经济”的成功道路。这些成功经验对新时代乡村振兴中以农村合作社为抓手实现“共生治理”具有可资殷鉴的历史意义。

The Marxist agricultural cooperation theory was created by Marx and Engels who absorbed and transformed the western cooperation thought,then was enriched by Lenin,and had been achived the innovative development in Chinese revolutionary practice.In the period of agrarian revolution,the cooperatives of Hunan,Hubei and Jiangxi base areas dialectically inherited the rational core of Marxist agricultural cooperation theory,and continued and reformed the traditional mutual economic mode according to the reality that the productive forces had not yet been reshaped.In the face of many practical problems in the development process,the base areas timely adjusted the management system and development strategy of cooperatives,incorporated cooperatives into the revolutionary sequence,realized the organic unity of the dual attributes of economy and politics,presented a Chinese-style development model which was different from Western production,and opened up the successful road for the Communist Party of China to develop a“symbiotic economy”,when it incorporated the cooperative into the revolutionary sequence.It has historical reference significance for realizing“symbiotic governance”with rural cooperatives as the starting point in the new era of rural revitalization.