秸秆饲料化利用的研究进展

Research progress in feed utilization of the straws

我国是粮食生产大国,有丰富的秸秆资源,但秸秆利用率较低。小麦和玉米依旧是我国主要的秸秆资源,主要分布在东北和华北地区。其中玉米秸秆饲料化利用率最高,小麦秸秆以肥料化利用为主。不同秸秆的营养价值不同,但均存在营养价值单一、适口性差、利用率低等情况,需通过物理、化学、生物等不同技术手段改善秸秆品质,提高动物的采食率。目前限制我国秸秆饲料化利用因素较多,主要是秸秆收集困难、品质差异较大、加工技术落后等原因,需进一步优化养殖和种植的发展方向,以科技创新引领先进、低成本的秸秆加工技术发展,并给予充分的政策支持,促进秸秆饲料化工作的推进。总体来说,秸秆饲料化具有广阔的发展前景,可以在带来经济效益的同时改善环境,增加社会效益。

China is a big grain producer,with abundant straw resources,but the straw utilization rate is low.Wheat and corn are still the main straw resources in China,mainly distributed in northeast China,and north China.The utilization rate of corn feed is the highest,and wheat is mainly used as fertilizer.The nutritional value of different straws is different,but they all have single nutritional value,poor palatability and low utilization rate.It is necessary to improve the quality of straws through physical,chemical and biological technical means to improve the feeding rate of feeding animals.Currently the limitations of our straw feed utilization factors are more,including the difficulty of straw collection,large quality differences of straw,backward of processing technology.So it is needed to optimize the combination of breeding and planting,to develop the advanced,low cost processing technology,and to give full policy support to promote the straw feed work.Generally speaking,straw feed has a broad development prospect,which can bring economic benefits and improve the environment while increasing social benefits.