30%丙硫菌唑悬浮剂对小麦赤霉病的田间防效

Control Effects of Fungicide Prothionazole 30%Suspension Concentrate against Wheat Fusarium Head Blight

小麦赤霉病是陇南徽成盆地小麦生产上最主要的病害之一,2016年以来该病害的发生面积和流行程度亦呈逐年加重趋势,该区域主要致病菌为禾谷镰孢菌。为了给陇南徽成盆地小麦赤霉病的高效控制和实现小麦绿色化生产提供科学依据,以冬小麦品种兰天42号为指示品种,设在小麦抽穗期、扬花期、灌浆期分别喷施30%丙硫菌唑悬浮剂675 g/hm^(2)兑水675 kg/hm2及抽穗期喷等量清水4个处理,以明确该药剂对小麦赤霉病的田间防效。结果表明,在冬小麦抽穗期、扬花期、灌浆期喷施30%丙硫菌唑悬浮剂的各处理对小麦赤霉病的田间防效为68.9%~99.0%,较喷清水对照增产1.1%~11.5%。其中2021年田间防效为86.8%~98.7%,千粒重较喷清水对照提升2.2%~12.1%,折合产量为8730.0~9525.0 kg/hm^(2),较喷清水对照增产1.1%~10.3%。2022年田间防效为68.9%~99.0%,千粒重较喷清水对照提升2.4%~11.9%,折合产量为8435.0~9230.0 kg/hm^(2),较喷清水对照增产1.9%~11.5%。抽穗期、扬花期喷施30%丙硫菌唑悬浮剂对小麦赤霉病的田间防效均与灌浆期喷施间差异达极显著水平(P<0.01)。表明在冬小麦抽穗期至扬花期采用30%丙硫菌唑悬浮剂675 g/hm^(2)兑水675 kg田间喷施,能较好地控制小麦赤霉病且具有一定的增产效果,对赤霉病的田间防效均在93%以上,增产幅度超过8.7%,可在陇南徽成盆地及其他赤霉病发生区域冬小麦生产上应用。

Fusarium head blight(FHB)is one of the major diseases in the wheat production in Huicheng Basin of southern Gansu Province.Since 2016,the occurrence area and prevalence of the disease have also increased year by year.FHB in this area was mainly coused by Fusarium graminearum.In order to provide scientific reference for the efficient control of FHB and to realize the green production of wheat in Huicheng Basin of southern Gansu Province,winter wheat variety Lantian 42 was used as the indicator,and the control effects of prothionazole 30%suspension concentrate spray(prothionazole 30%SC,675 g/ha diluted in 675 kg/ha of water)at heading stage,flowering stage and filling stage against FHB were determined with the same amount of water spray as the control.The results showed that the control effects of prothionazole 30% SC at heading stage,flowering stage and filling stage against FHB in winter wheat were between 68.9% to 99.0%,and the yields were increased by 1.1%to 11.5% when compared with the yield in the control of water spray only.In 2021,the control effects were 86.8%to 98.7%,the 1000-grain weights were increased by 2.2%to 12.1% when compared with that of the control,and the average yields were between 8730.0 to 9525.0 kg/ha which were increased by 1.1%to 10.3% when compared with that of the control.In 2022,the control effects were 68.9%to 99.0%,the 1000-grain weights were increased by 2.4%to 11.9%when compared with that of the control,and the average yields were between 8435.0 to 9230.0 kg/ha which were increased by 1.9%to 11.5%when compared with that of the control.The control effects of prothionazole 30%SC spray at heading stage and flowering stage were extremely significant(P<0.01)when compared with that at the filling stage.This indicated that prothionazole 30%SC spray(675 g/ha diluted in 675 kg/ha of water)from heading stage to flowering stage in winter wheat showed ideal control effects against FHB and certain yield increase effects,the control effects were above 93%and the yield increase effects were above 8.7%.This could be promoted in the winter wheat production against FHB in Huicheng Basin of southern Gansu Province as well as other areas with similar ecological conditions.