人工智能体育裁判的风险及其法律规制

Risks and Legal Regulation of Artificial Intelligence Sport Refereeing

得益于大数据分析的进步、机器学习的改进和计算机运算能力的增强,人工智能技术已经被广泛运用于体育裁判领域,并呈现出进一步发展的态势。与传统专业裁判相比,人工智能在提升裁判效率和降低裁判成本的同时,也会面临一些新问题。由于机器语言与自然语言存在张力、人工标准隐含价值判断和算法决策具有隐蔽性,要想实现裁判结果的绝对公平和公正十分困难;人工智能体育裁判与传统专业裁判具有本质上的不同,将人工智能运用于体育裁判领域,会侵害体育裁判员的自由裁量空间,损害运动员权利。基于公平正义的体育价值理念和保障运动员权利的法理需求,需要对人工智能体育裁判进行法律规制,通过科学防范人工智能的技术风险,实现裁判结果的公平、公正,明确人工智能体育裁判的辅助性地位,科学划定辅助权限。此外,还需要建立健全规范化的裁判纠错机制,确保运动员权利的可救济性,从而推动人工智能体育裁判事业的健康发展。

Benefit from the advancement of big data analysis technology,the improvement of machine learning,and the enhancement of computer computing power,artificial intelligence technology has been widely used in the field of sports refereeing,and shows a trend of further development.Compared with traditional professional referees,artificial intelligence will also face some new problems while improving the efficiency of referees and reducing the cost of referees.Because of the tension between machine language and natural language,the hidden value judgment of artificial standard and algorithmic decision-making are concealed,it is very difficult to achieve absolute objectivity and accuracy for the referee’s results.Artificial intelligence sports refereeing are fundamentally different from traditional manual sport refereeing.􀹠e application of artificial intelligence in the field of sports referees will violate the discretion space of sports referees and damage the rights of athletes.Based on the sports value concept of fairness and justice and the legal needs of protecting the rights of athletes,it is necessary to carry out legal regulation on artificial intelligence sports referees scientifically prevent the technical risks of artificial intelligence,achieve the fairness and justice of the referee results,clarify the auxiliary status of artificial intelligence sports referees,and scientifically delineate the auxiliary authority.In addition,It is also necessary to establish a sound and standardised referee mistake correction mechanism to ensure the reliability of athletes’rights,so as to promote the healthy development of artificial intelligence sports referees.