论战国楚简中乐学文献的主要类型及其文学批评意蕴

The Main Types of Musicological Documents in Chu Bamboo Slips in the Warring States Period and Its Literary Criticism Implication

出土楚简中有许多乐学文献,这些乐学文献类型多样,蕴含丰富的文学批评思想,主要体现在如下方面:其一,对诗乐实践活动的记载。战国楚简中所记载的诗乐实践活动类型多样,包含对远古时代乐官诗乐活动的记载,对祭祀、丧葬中乐器使用的记载,对宴饗、军事活动中诗乐实践的记载等。其二,对诗乐范畴的阐释,其中涉及对“和”“德”“情性”等多个诗乐范畴的论述。其三,对诗乐功能的认识,包括对诗乐娱神、乐人化人、以乐辅政等多种诗乐功能的认识。战国楚简中的乐学文献,充分体现了先秦时期诗乐批评活动的丰富多样,展示了先秦文学批评思想发展的脉络。

There are many musicological documents in the unearthed Chu bamboo slips in the Warring States Period.These musicological documents have various types and contain many literary criticism ideas,which are mainly reflected in the following aspects.First,recording the practice of poetry and music.The types of poetry and music practice activities recorded in Chu bamboo slips in the Warring States Period are diverse,including records of music officials'poetry and music activities in legendary times,records of the use of musical instruments in sacrifices and funerals,and records of poetry and music practice in banquet and military activities.Second,the interpretation of the poetry and music category,which involves the discussion of“harmony”,“morality”,“temperament”and other poetry and music categories.Third,the understanding of the functions of poetry and music,including the functions of entertaining gods,entertaining people,and assisting politics with music.The musicological documents in Chu bamboo slips in the Warring States Period fully reflects the richness and diversity of poetry and music criticism activities in the pre Qin period,and shows the context of the development of literary criticism ideas in the pre Qin period.