新疆地区Kell(K)血型及Rh(D)血型抗原及基因频率调查

Investigation of Antigen and Gene Frequency of Kell(K)and Rh(D)Blood Groups in Xinjiang

目的:通过调查新疆地区Kell血型系统K抗原、Rh血型系统D抗原表型及基因频率,了解新疆地区Kell(K)血型及Rh(D)血型分布情况。方法:收集2019年1月1日-2019年12月31日在新疆地区18家医疗机构体检及就诊符合入选标准的样本12 840例,进行Kell血型系统K抗原及Rh血型系统D抗原鉴定,并收集相关资料对不同地区、性别、民族间K及D血型分布进行调查统计分析。结果:样本中K阳性占比1.39%,南疆地区占比最高为1.91%,北疆地区最低为1.03%(P<0.01);Rh(D)-占比2.75%,基因频率为16.64%,其中南疆地区Rh(D)-样本占比相对较高,为4.03%,基因频率为20.10%;东疆地区次之,北疆地区最低(P<0.01)。维吾尔族K抗原频率最高,达到2.16%,柯尔克孜族为1.54%,D/d抗原分布趋势与K抗原相似。女性中哈萨克族K+频率略高于蒙古族;维吾尔族女性K+占比最高为2.38%且高于维吾尔族男性的1.86%,哈萨克族女性d表型频率为3.15%,高于柯尔克孜族的2.89%(P<0.01)。结论:新疆南北疆及东疆地区Kell(K)血型及Rh(D)血型分布有各自的特点且存在差异,不同民族及性别人群间血型分布差异明显,今后可纳入k抗原检测,进一步完善本地区Kell血型系统分布情况调研。

Objective:To investigate the phenotypes and gene frequencies of Kell blood group system K antigen and Rh blood group system D antigen in Xinjiang,and summarize and understand the distribution of Kell(K)blood type and Rh(D)blood type in this area.Methods:A total of12 840patients who met the inclusion criteria during physical examination and treatment in our hospital and18medical institutions in our district from January1,2019to December31,2019were collected for identification of Kell blood group system K antigen and Rh blood group System D antigen,and the distribution of K and D blood groups in different regions,genders and nationalities were investigated and statistically analyzed.Results:The proportion of K positive in the samples was1.39%,the highest was1.91% in southern Xinjiang,and the lowest was1.03% in northern Xinjiang(P<0.01).The proportion of Rh(D)negative samples was2.75% and the gene frequency was16.64%.The proportion of Rh(D)negative samples was4.03% and the gene frequency was20.10% in southern Xinjiang,followed by eastern Xinjiang and the lowest in northern Xinjiang(P<0.01).The frequency of K antigen in Uygur nationality was the highest,reaching2.16%,Kirgiz1.54%,and the distribution trend of D/d antigen was similar to that of K antigen.Among women,the K positive frequency of Kazak nationality was slightly higher than that of Mongolian nationality.The highest proportion of K positive in Uygur women was2.38%,which was higher than that in Uygur men(1.86%).The frequency of d phenotype in Kazak women was3.15%,which was higher than that in Kirgiz(2.89%)(P<0.01).Conclusion:The distributions of Kell(K)and Rh(D)blood groups in northern and southern Xinjiang and eastern Xinjiang had its own unique characteristics and differences.There are significant differences in blood group distribution among different ethnic groups and gender groups.In the future,k antigen detection can be included to further improve the investigation on the distribution of Kell blood group system in this region.