企业、合约与社会网络——来自广东省河源市巴伐利亚庄园缔结复杂合约和形塑社会结构的经验证据

Enterprise,Contract and Social Network——Empirical Evidence from the Complex Contract of Bavarian Manor in Heyuan,Guangdong Province

调查发现,作为企业的巴伐利亚庄园携资本下乡,不仅发展了独具特色的文旅产业,而且承担了诸多的社会职能,成为“庄园社会”公共制度的创设者和社会公共品的提供者。本文从经济学和社会学两个层面厘清了庄园内部的复杂缔约结构,既探究复杂合约形成的经济逻辑,亦在此基础上剖析了“企业办社会”的“经济社会学逻辑”。从经济角度看,巴伐利亚庄园及其各产业主体共同“创设”了一个颇具效率的产业集群;从社会角度看,巴伐利亚庄园也与其他各产业主体在缔结经济合约的同时自然地、不经意地“创设”了一个颇具活力的功能完整、管理良善的社会。本文认为,这至少在形式上颠覆了新古典经济学和新自由主义经济学有关“企业与社会本质有异”“企业办社会导致资源配置扭曲”的“经典教义”。本文的研究将成为一个政治经济学和经济社会学的混合性框架,从政策分析层面为乡村振兴和农业农村现代化提供一个新的可比较、可验证的“文本启示”。

The investigation found that the Bavarian estate as an enterprise with capital to the countryside,not only developed a unique cultural and tourism indus-try,but also assumed a number of social functions,the"estate society"as the cre-ator of public institutions and providers of social public goods.This paper clarifies the complex contracting structure within the estate from both the economic and soci-ological levels,exploring the economic logic of the formation of complex contracts,and also analyzing the"economic and sociological logic"of the"enterprise run soci-ety"on this basis.From an economic point of view,Bavaria and its industrial enti-ties have jointly"created"an efficient industrial cluster;From a social point of view,the Bavarian estate also naturally and inadvertently"created"a dynamic,functional and well-managed society by entering into economic contracts with other industrial actors.The paper argues that this is at least a formal reversal of the"clas-sical teachings"of neoclassical and neoliberal economics that"business and society are different in nature"and that"business-run society leads to a distorted allocation of resources".The research in this paper will become a hybrid framework of politi-cal economy and economic sociology,providing a new comparable and verifiable"textual revelation"for rural revitalization and agricultural and rural modernization from the level of policy analysis.