孝感地区受血者Rh血型系统抗原分布及Rh血型相容性输注可行性探讨

Distribution of Antigens of Rh Blood Group System in Patients Undergoing Partial Blood Transfusion Treatment in Xiaogan Area and Feasibility of Rh Blood Group Matching Transfusion

目的:分析孝感地区部分输血治疗患者Rh血型系统主要抗原表型分布比例,探讨本地区Rh血型系统相容性输注的可行性。方法:微柱凝胶法检测2019年7月至2023年2月孝感市第一人民医院输血治疗中的1835例患者的红细胞Rh血型系统D、C、c、E、e抗原,计算Rh抗原表型的抗原频率及表型分布。于2021年10月1日选择对输血患者进行Rh同型或相容性输注。结果:1835例输血治疗患者共检出13种表型。抗原频率:D抗原为99.6%,C抗原为91.3%,c抗原为53.9%,E抗原为45.6%,e抗原为94.45%。对输血患者进行Rh相容性输注后,Rh血型系统产生的不规则抗体阳性率由1.77%(25/1414)下降至0.82%(12/1456),输血治疗患者的平均住院时间由6.6天减少至4.3天;Rh血型相容性输注前、后红细胞计数和血红蛋白水平的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。讨论:对供血者常规检测Rh系统血型,建立孝感地区Rh血型表型数据库,对需要输血的患者进行相容性输注,对输血安全和输血效果具有重要的临床意义。

Objective:To analyze the distribution ratio of main antigen phenotypes of Rh blood group system in some patients in Xiaogan area,and to explore the feasibility of coordinated transfusion of RH blood group system.Methods:The D,C,c,E and e antigens of red blood cell Rh blood group system were detected by microcolumn gel method in 1835 patients who needed blood transfusion treatment in Xiaogan First People's Hospital from July 2019 to February 2023,and the antigen frequency and phenotype distribution of Rh antigen phenotype were calculated.On October 1,2021,transfusion patients were given Rh isotype or compatible infusion.Results:13 phenotypes were detected in 1835 patients treated with blood transfusion.Antigen frequency:99.6%for D antigen,91.3%for C antigen,53.9%for C antigen,45.6%for E antigen and 94.45 for E antigen.The positive rate of irregular antibody produced by Rh blood group system decreased from 1.77%(25/1414)to 0.82%(12/1456)after Rh coordinated infusion for blood transfusion patients,and the average hospitalization time of blood transfusion patients decreased from 6.6 days to 4.3 days.The difference of red blood cell count and hemoglobin level before and after transfusion of Rh blood group compatibility was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:It is of great clinical significance for the safety of blood transfusion to routinely detect the blood type of Rh system for blood donors,establish a local Rh blood type phenotype database and carry out coordinated transfusion for patients who need blood transfusion.