双转子风力机气动建模与控制仿真研究

Research on Aerodynamic Modeling and Control Simulation of Dual-rotor Wind Turbine

为研究双转子风力机的气动特性和风能利用率,基于NREL 5 MW和WindPACT 1.5 MW风力机转子,搭建了双转子风力机模型,并进行了功率优化控制仿真。首先,建立了双转子风力机的气动、塔影效应、传动链与发电机模型,在Matlab/Simulink中搭建了双转子风力机模型。其次,基于自由涡尾迹法(Free Vortex Wake, FVW)对双转子风力机流场进行了不同风况下的仿真计算。最后,基于模糊控制设计了双转子风力机功率控制策略,并与PID控制策略进行了比较。结果表明:与CFD相比,FVW计算的流场风速相对误差绝对值小于10%,能够快速动态计算双转子风力机的流场分布;对比不同风况,双转子风力机的风能利用率可提高约24%;模糊控制策略在双转子风力机功率动态响应和抑制功率波动方面改善明显。

To study the aerodynamic characteristics and wind energy utilization rate of the dual-rotor wind turbine,the dual-rotor wind turbine model was built based on the NREL 5 MW and WindPACT 1.5 MW wind turbine rotors,and the power optimization control simulation was carried out.Firstly,the aerodynamic,tower shadow effect,drive chain and generator models of the dual-rotor wind turbine were established,and the model was built using Matlab/Simulink.Secondly,based on the free vortex wake(FVW)method,the flow field of the dual-rotor wind turbine was simulated under different wind conditions.Finally,a power control strategy for dual-rotor wind turbine was designed based on fuzzy control and compared with the PID control strategy.The simulation results show that compared with CFD,the absolute error of the relative wind speed of the flow field calculated by FVW is less than 10%,which can rapidly and dynamically calculate the flow field distribution of the dual-rotor wind turbine;compared with different wind conditions,the wind energy utilization rate of the dual-rotor wind turbine can be increased by about 24%;the fuzzy control strategy improves the power dynamic response and suppresses power fluctuations of the dual-rotor wind turbine significantly.