突发性耳聋伴高血压患者临床特征及疗效的影响因素分析

Clinical characteristics of sudden deafness with hypertension and the influencing factors of treatment efficacy

目的 分析突发性耳聋伴高血压患者疗效的相关影响因素,为突发性耳聋的预防和治疗提供参考依据。方法 收集2019—2022年嘉兴市某医院耳鼻咽喉科收治的突发性耳聋伴高血压患者临床资料,利用logistic回归模型分析各变量与突发性耳聋伴高血压患者治疗疗效的关系。结果 165例突发性耳聋伴高血压患者以女性居多,从事工人职业最多,夏季为发病最高的季节;单因素分析结果显示患者的疗效与年龄、伴发耳鸣、突聋分型、血小板、治疗方式等7个指标有相关性(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归模型分析显示,年龄越大(OR=1.073,95%CI:1.023~1.125)、高血清钾(OR=9.693,95%CI:5.829~15.633)、高促甲状腺激素(OR=5.023,95%CI:1.833~13.764)是治疗无效的独立危险因素,高血小板(OR=0.872,95%CI:0.652~0.978)和高压氧综合治疗(OR=0.137,95%CI:0.056~0.339)是治疗有效的保护因素。结论 突发性耳聋伴高血压具有较高的预后不良反应率,多种因素共同影响着突发性耳聋伴高血压患者治疗效果。

Objective To analyze the relevant factors affecting the efficacy of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss accompanied by hypertension,and to provide reference basis for the prevention and treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.Methods Clinical data of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss and hypertension admitted to a certain hospital in Jiaxing from 2019 to 2022 were collected to analyze the relationship between variables and treatment efficacy of patients with the logistic regression model.Results The majority of 165 cases with sudden deafness accompanied by hypertension were female,with the majority engaged in manual labor occupations.The highest incidence of the condition occurred in summer.The results of the univariate analysis indicate that the efficacy of treatment for patients is correlated with age,accompanying tinnitus,classification of sudden deafness,platelet count,and treatment method(P<0.05).The multivariate logistic regression model analysis shows that older age(OR=1.073,95%CI:1.023-1.125),high serum potassium(OR=9.693,95%CI:5.829-15.633),high thyroid-stimulating hormone(OR=5.023,95%CI:1.833-13.764)are independent risk factors for ineffective treatment,while high platelet count(OR=0.872,95%CI:0.652-0.978)and comprehensive treatment with hyperbaric oxygen(OR=0.137,95%CI:0.056-0.339)are protective factors for effective treatment.Conclusion Sudden sensorineural hearing loss accompanied by hypertension has a higher rate of adverse prognosis,and various factors collectively influence the treatment outcome of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss accompanied by hypertension.