基于DNA分析的特色乳掺假检测技术研究进展

Research Progress on DNA-based Technologies for Adulteration Detection in Non-bovine Milk

近年,特色乳中检出非标称物质的舆情时有爆出,特色乳的掺假检测是保证市场监管的重要技术支撑。DNA分析检测技术是食品真实性鉴别中常见且有效的手段,在特色乳的掺假检测中也具有优势。本文就特色乳概况及常用的DNA检测技术在特色乳掺假检测中的应用进行综述:从标记DNA靶基因出发,按照定量与定性的需求进行分类,分析不同技术的原理,并以近年在特色乳检测中的具体应用为例,对目的基因、检测方法、灵敏度和应用场景进行介绍,探讨各种检测技术的优势与局限性,以期为特色乳的质量把控提供参考。

In recent years,it has been often reported that non-nominal ingredients are found in milks from minor dairy species.Adulteration detection in milks from minor dairy species provides important technical support for market surveillance.DNA-based detection is a common and effective approach for food authentication,and also has advantages in milk adulteration detection.In order to provide a reference for the quality control of minor species milks,this article reviews the general aspects of minor species milks and the application of common DNA-based qualitative and quantitative techniques in adulteration detection in minor species milks in term of target gene selection,and their principles,sensitivities,application scenarios,advantages and limitations.