体育锻炼视角下大学生身心健康指数的构建研究

A Study on the Establishment of a Physical and Mental Health Index for College Students from the Perspective of Physical Exercise

运用德尔菲法、层次分析法对广东省大学生身心健康指数进行研究,旨在构建体育锻炼视角下大学生身心健康指数指标体系,为促进大学生身心健康、养成体育锻炼习惯提供参考。研究表明:大学生健康指数包含了一级指标2个、二级指标7个、三级指标14个。其中一级指标及其权重为身体健康(0.57)、心理健康(0.43);二级指标及其权重为运动素质(0.25)、体育与心理健康关系的基础知识掌握情况(0.18)、生理机能(0.13)、情绪调节(0.13)、自尊与自信表现(0.12)、力量(0.11)、身体形态(0.1)、意志表现(0.09);三级指标及其权重为对心理健康基础知识地掌握(0.1)、速度(0.09)、对身体活动与心理健康相互影响的认识(0.09)、情绪不佳时选择体育活动缓解的依赖性(0.09)、肺活量(0.08)、在体育活动中不良情绪的控制(0.08)、耐力(0.06)、通过体育活动,自信表现(0.06)、不畏惧所遇困难(0.06)、身高(0.05)、体重(0.05)、通过体育活动,自尊表现(0.05)、抗挫折力表现(0.03)。

This study employs methods such as the Delphi method and Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)to investigate the physical and mental health index of college students in Guangdong Province.The goal is to establish an index framework focusing on physical exercise to serve as a reference for enhancing college students'physical and mental well-being and fostering exercise habits.The research reveals that(1)the college student health index comprises two primary indicators,seven secondary indicators,and fourteen tertiary indicators.The primary indicators and their respective weights are as fllows:physical health(0.57)and psychological health(0.43).The secondary indicators and their weights are as follows:physical fitness(0.25),understanding of the fundamental relationship between physical activity and psychological health(0.18),physiological functioning(0.13),emotional regulation(0.13),self-esteem and self-confidence(0.12),strength(0.11),body shape(0.10),and willpower(0.09).The tertiary indicators and their weights are as follows:knowledge of the basics of psychological health(0.10),speed(0.09),awareness of the interplay between physical activity and psychological health(0.09),dependence on physical activities for alleviating negative emotions(0.09),lung capacity(0.08),control of negative emotions during physical activities(0.08),endurance(0.06),self-confidence through physical activities(0.06),fearlessness in the face of challenges(0.06),height(0.05),weight(0.05),self-esteem through physical activities(0.05),and resilience performance(0.03).