西南涡的气候学研究进展

Progress in Climatological Research on the Southwest China Vortex

西南涡是特殊地形与区域环流条件相互作用而产生的α中尺度天气系统,对我国西南地区的天气、气候和环境具有重要影响。本文系统梳理了西南涡的涡源分布、活动频数、移动路径及强度变化的多时空尺度分布特征,阐述了西南涡活动对我国西南及其下游地区天气、气候及区域环境的影响,总结了西南涡与高原涡、南亚高压等重要的天气系统的协同作用过程,综述了近年来西南涡气候学研究的进展,旨在为后续展开的西南涡的客观识别算法和技术研究提供基础信息。综述发现,前人研究中关于西南涡活动异常变化特征的结论并不一致,这可能是选用的资料时段、时间长度以及西南涡识别方法等不同造成的。因此,建立一套基于客观算法识别的西南涡基础研究资料是展开未来高质量研究的基石,对理解、预测西南涡活动具有极其重要的意义,并有利于进一步提升西南地区天气、气候、环境预测水平。

Southwest China vortex(SCV)is anα-mesoscale weather system created by the interaction between a special topography(e.g.,Tibetan Plateau)and regional circulation conditions,which largely affects the weather,climate,and environment in southwest China.This study systematically compares the multitemporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the source,frequency,track,and intensity variation of the SCV;describes the effect of the SCV on weather,climate,and regional environment in southwest China and its downstream areas;and summarizes the coupled processes of the SCV with the plateau vortex,South Asian high,and other important systems.Herein,the progress of the climatological research on the SCV in recent years is reviewed to provide basic information for subsequent research on the objective identification algorithms and techniques of the SCV.The findings of previous studies on SCV anomalies are not always consistent due to the different research periods considered,lengths chosen,and SCV identification methods used.Therefore,the establishment of the SCV data based on objective algorithm identification is crucial for understanding and predicting SCV activities and will help improve the weather,climate,and environmental prediction in southwest China.