大学专利可转化性与发明人团队特征的相关性研究

Relationship between University Patents Transformationwith Inventor Team Characteristics

我国大学专利申请量之高和转化率之低形成了强烈反差,如何通过科学组建发明人团队来提升大学专利的质量和转化率是科研管理者面临的重要课题。对25所样本大学的已转化专利进行实证研究后发现,已转化专利的发明人团队规模呈倒U形分布,且4人团队的转化情况最佳;校企合作式的多源化发明团队反而不利于产出可转化的专利;团队成员个人的发明经验与专利的可转化性之间无正相关性;团队的多元知识结构无益于专利转化,而单一集中的知识结构更具优势。基于团队冲突、黏滞性界面、禀赋效应等理论,对上述发现进行了归因,为大学科研管理提出了相关对策建议。

There is a sharp contrast between the high number of patent applications and the low commercialization rate of universities in China.Through an empirical study of patents successfully commercialized by 25 universities,this paper finds that,first,inventor team sizes for commercialized patents have an inverted U-shaped distribution,and four-person teams perform best.Second,university-enterprise collaborative teams of multi-source inventors are not conducive to patent transformation.Third,there is no positive correlation between team members’invention experience and patent commercialization.Finally,the multiple knowledge structures of the team are not conducive to patent conversion,but a single centralized knowledge structure is more advantageous.This paper uses the theory of team conflict,sticky information,and endowment effect to make attributions to the research results and puts forward corresponding suggestions for university research management.