假俭草不同种植方式在鄱阳湖区堤防的适宜性实证研究

Empirical Study on the Suitability of Different Planting Methods of Eremochloa ophiuroides for Embankments in Poyang Lake Areas

河湖圩堤植被结构复杂,杂草杂灌较多,阻碍巡堤查险。研发新型圩堤植被控高技术,具有重要现实需求和广泛应用前景。在鄱阳湖典型堤防开展原位控高试验,利用假俭草易形成低矮致密草皮的特点,研究其控制圩堤植被高度的效果。研究了假俭草草皮间铺、茎段条播和茎段撒播三种种植方式下圩堤植被覆盖度变化、高度以及抑制杂草入侵的效果。结果表明,条播和撒播种植方式下假俭草覆盖度可在3个月内从20%提升至65%,2020—2022连续3年控高效率达31.48%~71.03%,植被群落组成与对照坡面显著不同。草皮间铺成本高于条播和撒播,撒播的覆盖速度高于条播,二者在控高和抑制杂草效果方面无显著差异,但撒播的成本低于条播。因此,假俭草可用于河湖圩堤植被管理,且茎段撒播适宜大面积推广应用。

The vegetation structure of river and lake embankments is complex,and there are many weeds and miscellaneous irrigation,which hinders the inspection of embankments.The research and development of new high-tech embankment planting technology has important practical needs and broad application prospects.Eremochloa ophiuroides,with low and dense grass has outstanding advantages in reducing daily management costs of embankments and flood season inspection,is a very suitable species for levee plant slope protection.Taking Chengzhu Lianwei,a typical embankment in Poyang lake district,as the research area,an empirical study was conducted on the changes in coverage degree,lawn grass height,and inhibition of weed invasion on the embankment slope under three planting ways:intercropping of fake frugal grass,stem segment strip sowing,and grass stems spreading(Sprinkling-Soil cover-Rolling).The results showed that the coverage of turf could be increased from 20%to 65%within 3 months under both grass stem sowing and spreading methods.The control efficiency for three consecutive years from 2020 to 2022 reached 31.48%to 71.03%,and the vegetation community composition was significantly different from the control slope.The cost of intercropping was higher than that of stem sowing and spreading,and the coverage speed of so-wing was higher than that of spreading.However,there was no significant difference in height con-trol and weed suppression between the two stem planting,but the cost of sowing was lower than that of spreading.Eremochloa ophiuroides can be used for vegetation management of river and lake em-bankments,and stem sowing was suitable for large-scale promotion and application.