福斯特对资本主义生态道德的批判与重建

The Criticism and Reconstruction to Capitalist Ecological Morality of Foster

对资本主义进行全方位的生态道德批判,是福斯特生态学马克思主义的主要内容。福斯特赞同赖特米尔斯关于“更高的不道德”资本主义制度的分析,明确指出全球性生态危机的爆发源于资本主义资本扩张、唯利是图的本性。在此基础上,其借用“生物圈文化”的产生与演变进程进一步揭露了生态帝国主义扩张逻辑的不道德本质及其对地球生态环境带来的大范围破坏,并开出了一剂在人与自然关系上进行“道德革命”的药方。这些对生态道德的独特见解,一方面强化了人们对当代资本主义主要特征的认识,另一方面也有助于人们全面地理解、把握福斯特生态批判理论,更好地将生态道德付诸实践,实现生态正义。

A comprehensive ecological moral critique of capitalism is the main content of Foster’s ecological Marxism.Foster agrees with Wright Mills’analysis of the“higher immorality”of the capitalist system,and clearly points out that the outbreak of the global ecological crisis stems from the capitalist capital expansion and mercenary nature.On this basis,it borrows the production and evolution process of“biosphere culture”to further expose the immoral nature of the expansion logic of ecological imperialism and the large-scale damage it has brought to the earth’s ecological environment,and prescribes a medicine between human and human beings.A recipe for a“moral revolution”in relation to nature.These unique insights into ecological ethics,on the one hand,strengthen people’s understanding to the main characteristics of contemporary capitalism,and on the other hand help people to fully understand and grasp Foster’s ecological critical theory,and better put ecological ethics into practice.